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Originally inhabited side by side with a man, sharing responsibilities with him and taking food from his hands, the Bernese Mountain Dog from the shepherd dog gradually turned into an excellent companion. But at the same time, his formidable appearance was preserved, which at one glance instilled panic fear. Such a contrast among the dog brotherhood is not uncommon, what attracts breeders exactly this breed?

Historical information about the breed

Bernese Mountain Dog is a type of common Swiss mountain dog. Researchers found out that the history of the breed goes back centuries, and there is evidence that it existed more than 2,000 years ago.

However, in our time it remains a mystery who became the ancestor of the Bernese Mountain Dog. According to one version, it is the Tibetan Mastiff, from which a group of Molossians and shepherd dogs from the mountains originated. On the other - this breed is the result of natural selection and multiple crosses of various breeds.

Unlike an origin, the mission of dogs does not cause doubts - these are primordially protective shepherd dogs. Initially, all the dogs of giant size, which were used for grazing sheep on the Swiss slopes, were named Shalashovs, and only later they would receive flocks to receive the name, depending on the area. And so the breed was formed, whose representatives lived and worked not far from Bern.

A long period of Bernese Mountain Dogs was used only as watchmen, but the dogs took possession of other virtues, and not only physical, but also mental. Strength and endurance allowed them to be used for the transport of goods, they could transport carts over long distances.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the dogs were able to "go out into the world", just then a representative of the breed was at an exhibition of world scale. Naturally, such a powerful handsome immediately noticed and appreciated. This was the starting point for the development and improvement of the breed. In the future, to improve the quality of some indicators, they were crossed with no less gigantic and beautiful Newfoundlands.

Description of breed Bernese Mountain Dog

This type of Zenenhund has some similarities with other species, but is characterized by longer and thicker hair. Dogs are large in size: growth males at the withers is 64-70 cm, females are not much less - 58-66 cm. The standards do not indicate the body weight of animals, weight males from 35 to 55 kg, females - from 35 to 45 kg.

The constitution of Bernese mountain dogs is strong, but you cannot call them stocky. All parts of the body are proportional. If you look under the thick undercoat, you can find a developed muscular corset. Dogs differ in strength and unreal endurance.

According to the generally accepted standard, have the following structure:

• Tail representatives of this breed are luxurious - long and completely covered with long hair, narrower at the end.
• Head located on a strong neck, face has smooth features, without abrupt transitions. Zenenhundov lips are closed tightly, salivation is absent.
• Eyes small, almond-shaped and dark brown iris. Dogs have a very attentive, expressive look.
• Ears Hanging, triangular, when the animal is disturbed or interested in something, then they rise a little. If we take into account all the characteristics, then it seems that the dogs from Bern are very intelligent and balanced animals.
• Wool - the pride of the Bernese Mountain Dog, the other species of the breed can not boast of this. It has a single layer, bright natural shine. There are representatives with straight hair, with soft waves or very light "disheveled". According to experts, it is semi-long, slightly shorter in the head, muzzle and part of the limbs.

Color Bernese Mountain Dog

The color of the dogs of this breed is one - tricolor. The main color is black, on its background there are symmetrical spots with clear borders - red-rust and white. Ryzhina should be in the area of ​​the superciliary arches, on the sternum, under the tail and on the limbs.

Due to the long-term crossing of various breeds, sometimes puppies with a different color are born. But they do not meet the standard requirements, therefore they are not suitable for breeding and for show career. But this does not prevent them from being beautiful family pets.

Character of bernese mountain dog

Today, this breed is gaining momentum, which is more associated with the nature of its representatives, rather than their bright appearance or fashion trends. Any breed standard pays more attention to this aspect, and responsible breeders prefer breeding good-natured dogs rather than aggressive ones.

According to the description of many owners, the dog from Burns is gigantic and very patient. Pets are very attached to the owners, they are characterized by devotion and understand the person perfectly. In spite of the fact that only one of the members of the family is chosen as the host, they communicate very well with the other members. And their cat habits - to settle on the owner's lap, just touches, especially since this "kitten" weighs half a "centner."

Bernese Mountain Dog - Photo

Being attached to his family, the dog does not refuse to communicate with other people (a rare quality for large breeds), this is due to their past riding life, when they drove goods to noisy and bustling market squares. Having received the correct socialization, dogs behave politely with strangers. Without proper upbringing, dogs can be nervous and show shyness in a society with strangers, but they show aggression very rarely.

Bernese Mountain Dog can be a security guard, as his thunder barking and roaring is enough for an attacker to change his plans. However, there is no aggression in these manifestations, and with certain knowledge of canine psychology, the robbers can still penetrate the territory.

But if the territory of the mountain dog protects it does not matter, then with the threat to the life or health of someone from the family members, the behavior of the giant changes dramatically. To stop the rage that has fallen on the offender is almost impossible.

These dogs are great for families with children, even babies. Dogs are patronizing to the kids and part of the parental care easily take over. They patiently endure all the pranks, never take revenge, and their huge size does not interfere with being very neat and soft.

Bern find a common language with other pets, even dogs. They even like the company of their relatives. They do not seek to dominate, divide territory or show aggression because of food. The latter quality is often used by smaller, but somewhat arrogant pets - cats. The dog may be taken aback from their insolence, but more often it retreats away. Such tolerance is associated with the purpose of the breed and the lack of hunter instincts.

Photo breed dogs Bernese Mountain Dog

All this applies to socialized dogs. If the dog was not raised, or mistakes were made in the educational process, then males of the Bernese Mountain Dog may show abnormal qualities - aggression towards males.

Naturally, the size of the Bernese Mountain Dog can already pose a danger to small animals, so raising a pet is important.

Representatives of this breed are very intelligent and calm attitude to training. Their desire to please the owner makes this process easy and enjoyable. The main thing is to systematize the classes and act correctly. In the interaction, it is important that the leader of the family gives the commands, otherwise the dogs perform the task, but with less enthusiasm.

However, if you compare other breeds, the Sennenhund is more agreeable. They do not tolerate rudeness in their address and always respond to encouragement, be it a treat, stroking or just a kind word. A positive attitude will give better results than a mushra.

What care is required

Berns are equipped with a developed undercoat that protects them from both low and high temperatures. Breeders strongly recommend trying to protect the dog from the scorching sun and overload during this period, but they also differ from nature with endurance. Dogs love to sleep on a snowy crust and rarely spend time in a booth.

Puppies bernese mountain dog in the photo

A great place to keep them is the aviary. Moreover, the insulation of the booth is necessary only if the animal is sitting on a chain. In this case, and walking should be more frequent and long. Once every day for at least two hours.

On a leash, the dog will feel fine if the chain allows you to move in an area of ​​at least 10 square meters.

A room mountain dog requires a two-day walk. As for puppies, it all depends on age. All walks must be accompanied by active runs and games.

How to feed a bernese mountain dog

Having a large size and excellent appetite, dogs will require a decent amount of food. If you take the percentage of products with natural feeding, it looks like this:

• 70% - meat products, including by-products,
• 15% - cereals (in the form of porridge, cooked in water),
• 5% - boiled and raw vegetables, fruits,
• 10% - dairy products.

The diet can include lean sea fish, but not more than once a week. It is also recommended to give a raw chicken egg no more than 1-2 in 7 days. The pet should be provided with fresh drinking water in unlimited quantities. This is especially important on hot days.

Like other large dogs, burns require food containing cartilage, which helps strengthen the ligaments. Meat is better to give coarse, sinewy. Be sure to give a scar, not only that the pets adore him, he also has a positive effect on the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.

As for feeding the finished diet, you should choose a menu that is low in fat for large breeds. This is due to the fact that Bernese Mountain Dogs may suffer from overweight. It is better not to give vitamin complexes yourself, you should consult with a veterinarian first.

Photo Bernese Mountain Dog

Puppy price

If there is a desire to acquire this giant handsome man, then it is worth knowing that a purebred puppy in a family without further show career and breeding will cost 20,000-25,000 rubles. The price of Bernese Mountain Dog for breeding and successful participation in exhibitions varies from 35,000 to 40,000 rubles.

When purchasing a puppy, the owners must be warned - Bernese Mountain Dog has a very long childhood period - up to 2.5 years. Therefore, some pranks can be safely attributed to age.

A bit of history

Bern Sheepdog appeared in Switzerland. The descendants of the breed are considered fighting Moloss legionnaires. The main purpose of this breed is grazing of cattle and small livestock.

The history of the breed begins in 1907, when the lovers of these dogs came together and decided to improve the breed. In the first club, the Bernese Mountain Dogs received a strict standard, by which dogs of irregular coloration, overshot or undershot, were rejected by cowardly and aggressive pets.

Until 1910, dogs of this breed were called Durbachler. Under this name, the pet gained popularity among breeders in Germany and Switzerland. But after the exhibition in 1910, where 104 purebred dogs were represented, the name of the breed was changed.

In 1949, the breed was improved by crossing with Newfoundlands. The final standard by an international organization was adopted in 1954. The breed was first brought to Russia and Ukraine in 1989.

Description of the Swiss Shepherd Dog

Bernese Mountain Dogs are mountain shepherd dogs. The dog is obedient and good-natured. The dog is easily trained and will not hurt the child. Despite the good nature, with proper training, the dog will be able to stand up for his master and protect his property.

The dog loves his owner and is not afraid of any climate change. Thick wool and undercoat help the animal not to overheat at high temperatures and reliably protect from wind and rain. The breed is suitable for captive keeping, but this dog prefers freedom. The dog will not run away from the owner, but does not like when its freedom is limited by a chain or fence.

Bernese Mountain Dogs mature for a long time and the dog leaves the puppy's age by 1.7-2 years. Up to this age, the dog is extremely playful and with prolonged solitude begins to get bored. With age, the dog becomes calmer and more attentive to the person. The Swiss Shepherd is suitable as a companion and guide for the visually impaired.

Caring for a thick coat takes time, and during shedding the undercoat will remain on the furniture and carpet. It is worth considering for those who want to have a dog in the apartment. But if you quickly comb out the animal, the problems with wool throughout the house can be significantly reduced.

Shepherd's dog exterior

The breed standard is as follows:

• Body type. Strong body of medium size, with developed muscles and paws, harmoniously folded. The length of the body relative to the height of the dog is 10/9. The height at withers to the depth of the chest is 1/2.
• Neck. Muscular, not long and not dry.
• Head. In the form of a non-elongated triangle, balanced in size to the body, not large.
• Forehead. It has a rounded shape, the transition to the face is implicit.
• Muzzle. The back of the nose is almost straight, medium size.
• Lips. Not fleshy, no slack, black color.
• Eyes. Oval-shaped dark brown color, shallow planted. The presence of the third century is considered a defect.
• Bite. Standard scissor shaped, not molded teeth. The dog's grip is unusual, it seems to be pinching the victim very hard. This is due to the shepherd's breed. The dog should not cripple the cattle, and light tweaks allow you to send the herd in the right direction.
• Ears. Not long, but not small, in the form of triangles, hanging on cartilage and tight to the dog's head.
• Back. Straight, wide. The croup is slightly wider than the thoracic region.
• Chest. Wide, oval shape.
• Limbs. The front is well developed, straight with lean muscles. Widely spaced, with the rack parallel to each other. Hind feet with developed hocks. Toes on paws strong, tightly compressed.
• Tail. Straight, saber, with thick and long hair. Not twisted into a ring.
• Sizes. The ideal cable size is 66–68, but the standard allows for dogs from 64 to 70 cm to the ring. In bitches, the ideal size is 60–63 cm, pets with a height from 58 to 66 cm are allowed to the ring.
• Wool cover. Long shiny shine with a small wave and thick soft undercoat. The coat is shorter on the face and legs, longer on the tail and back.
• Color The main color is coal black, on the paws, cheeks, behind there are bright fiery burns. Bright red spots on the face do not enter the eye zone. There are small white spots on the chest and tail, on the tips of the paws and around the nose. A small white mark on the back of the head is allowed.

The lifespan of a dog is from 6 to 10 years. But how many dogs live depends on the factors:

• maintenance and care
• power supply,
• activity,
• individual health features.

Breed character

The Bernese Mountain Dog has the following features:

• The dog is tied to the owner, but quite self-sufficient. Can stay in an apartment or house alone, but not for a long time.
• Treat children well and will be a great friend for a teenager. A small child is allowed to pull his hair and drag him by the tail. The baby can be harmed only by accidentally dropping it during the game.
• Will be able to stand up for the owner and protect him from the aggression of strangers.
• To other animals in the house is complacent. If you have a puppy at the same time with a kitten, they will be friends.
• While walking, she can drive cats or birds, but only out of curiosity. At the same time, it responds well to the host’s commands and at the first call will come running to the leg.
• A dog with blood from the Newfoundlands loves water. The dog swims with pleasure in open water even in autumn.
• During walks, the shepherd instinct wakes up from the dog. The pet does not like people to disperse, it will run and gather everyone.
• The dog rarely barks, but has a clear voice.
• The puppy is easily trained, so even a beginner amateur can cope with the breed.
• Bernese Mountain Dog has developed intelligence and the dog is able to understand human speech.
• A sensitive and attentive dog that notices any changes in the mood of the owner.

Breed is suitable for a lonely elderly person, teenager or young couple. According to the owners, everyone will find a friend and partner in the Bernese Mountain Dog.

The description of the breed does not include aggressive behavior, irritability, cowardice and insecurity. Puppies with such qualities are rejected.

Keeping and caring for a dog

Special difficulties for a breeder of Bernese Mountain Dog will not cause. Grooming includes standard procedures:

• Remediation of the ears and eyes once a week with the help of special tools and a cotton swab.
• Once a month the dog is clipped. Easier to perform the procedure with a metal clad cutter.
• Wool every two days combed with a metal brush. During the molt, the undercoat must be combed two to three times a day.
• The dog does not need a haircut, as the guard hairs after this deteriorate and grow not so smooth.
• In winter, during walks between the toes on the paws, the ice pieces that bring discomfort to the animal freeze. They gently retract with their hands. При этом постарайтесь не повредить шерсть на лапах.

Содержание в квартире не вызывает сложностей, так как псу не нужно простора для игр. Собака будет отдыхать на своем месте, но необходимо два — три раза в день выводить животное на прогулку.

Swiss Shepherd Health

Despite the artificial breeding of this breed by blood is close to the natural type. The dog is sick a little and has a good immune system. Despite this, the pet has a predisposition for pathologies:

• Diseases of the cardiovascular system: arrhythmia, pericardium. Diseases occur in the first year of life. In some cases, surgery is required.
• Ocular pathologies: cataract, blindness. More common in rejected puppies with gray eyes, but can occur in any pet with age.
• Disruption of the musculoskeletal system: arthrosis, osteoporosis, hip dysplasia of the skeleton. Hip dysplasia is manifested in the early stages of puppies in the form of lameness. It is more common in puppies whose parents suffered from this disease.

In the first year of life, the puppy is vaccinated against various viral diseases. A vaccination against distemper, enteritis and hepatitis is considered mandatory.

Bernese Mountain Dog has a poor first pregnancy and childbirth. Knitting a bitch is possible only after 2 years. The first litter is necessarily taken by a specialist. Standard in litter 2-4 puppy.

Puppy training

Bernese Mountain Dog puppies are playful and easy to learn. Training should begin immediately after the puppy gets used to a new place. Up to 3 months, it is recommended to accustom the dog to the leash, to respond to the nickname.

From 3.5-4 months the training of the puppy is carried out under the supervision of a dog handler. In the first courses of early training (the course of basic training), the dog will learn to perform basic commands:

Next, the dog is trained on sports equipment teams:

Protective guard duty Bernese Mountain Dog is trained at the discretion of the owner.

What to feed the Bernese Mountain Dog

The breed, despite its large size, is not voracious. An adult dog eats no more than 3-4 liters of natural food per day.

For dogs with long and thick hair, the following foods are included in the diet:

It is forbidden to give the animal:

• starchy vegetables and onions,
• fatty meats,
• sugar-containing products
• confectionery,
• wheat flour baking,
• smoked and boiled sausages, convenience foods and pickles.

Vitamin-mineral complexes are added to dogs on naturalka: Polidex Gelabon, Excel 8 in 1, Bosch Vi — Min, Unitabs ImmunoComplex with Q10, Beaphar Doggy’s.

It's easier to feed a dog with special foods:

• Hill’s Science Plan Advanced Fitness,
• Brit premium adult L,
• Royal Canin Maxi Adult,
• Monge Dog Maxi Adult,
• Pro Plan Adult Large Robust.

The picture shows a standard long-haired Bernese Mountain Dog with a white chest, tips of paws and tail. The dog has a bright color and attracts attention.

In the photo male and female Swiss Shepherd. It is seen that the dog is larger and more massive than a bitch.

Bernese Mountain Dog puppies resemble teddy bears, the same stocky and fluffy with funny round eyes.

Breed Reviews

Anatoly: “The breed looks something like Newfoundland, and its character is similar to a collie. Good-natured and cheerful dog for keeping in an apartment and house. The dog is unpretentious and well gives in to training. "

Catherine: “Bernese Mountain Dog will become a devoted friend for a teenager. The dog will be happy to participate in long walks and will protect the child if necessary. Without aggression from other people, the dog is friendly and allows himself to be stroked.

Maria: “If it is not possible to comb a shaggy dog, then the breed does not suit you. And also I do not recommend to start mountain dogs for people who are allergic to wool. During the molting, the undercoat will be on furniture and carpets, the down is difficult to peel off. ”

What does the breed look like

By the nature of these Swiss dogs are not evil, but to strangers, they are wary. If necessary, the dog will eagerly protect its family members.

Bernese Mountain Dog Holders It is noted that in the character of the dog there are such qualities as self-confidence, cunning and powerful charm.

Adults - with a serious character, able to stand up for their masters and their families.

On the other hand, these dogs have a sharp mind, fair and adequate.

To give character definition Bernese Mountain Dog can be just one word - devotion.

If you and your pet are planning long bike rides and hiking in the mountains, then keep in mind that, for the most part, Bernese Mountain Dogs - big lazy.

For such walks, hovawarts are more suitable.

Dogs may waste an explosive amount of energy, but only for a short period of time. therefore count on frequent breaksDo not test your animal for stamina.

Content

Bernese Mountain Dog will work well both in the apartment and in the country house, the main thing to remember is that the dog regularly needs physical exercise and lots of fresh air.

The breed has excellent working qualities. For their development, you need to make a little effort and engage in dog training on an ongoing basis.

To one and a half year old the character of the dog will be fully formed and then it will be possible to begin training according to specialized programs. The pet will be well assimilated training protection, guard duty.

Sennenhundam do not like to be bored and do the same thing. They like exercise, where you can show your intelligence and ingenuity.

The breed has good health, but due to its large size there is a predisposition to diseases of the elbow and hip joints.

In Russia, this breed appeared quite recently: according to some sources, - in 1989. The average cost of puppies in Russia is from 20 to 25 thousand rubles.

The Bernese Mountain Dog puppy in this video is just a babe:

Breed standard

This breed is, first of all, a working one - a sling. Males are noticeably more massive, with developed muscles, "more courageous". Obesity, friability and roughness of the skin are not peculiar to pedigree dogs. The main criteria of the standard are:

• weight: 38-50 kg for a dog and 36-48 kg for a bitch,
• height at withers: 61-71 cm and 58-69 cm for a dog and a bitch respectively,
• skin: thick, tight to well-developed muscles,
• Ears: Hanging, with slightly curly hair, unfolding forward in an excited state.

Bernese Mountain Dog special requirements for wool and its color. The main color is anthracite black. The second is considered a bright brown - a spot under the tail, limbs, "eyebrows", inverted triangles on the chest. The third color is white - this is the shirtfront on the chest in the form of a Maltese cross, the color of the paws, the tip of the tail, the groove on the face. Each of these spots must be present, otherwise the dog is disqualified as having defects.

The hair on the body is long, wavy or straight, and on the metatarsus, metacarpals, head and paws - thin, thick, close-fitting and short.

General description. Shepherd with the soul of an aristocrat

Bernese Mountain Dog belongs to the Molossians - large breeds of dogs that are descended from the Egyptian and Assyrian pickling dogs. However, for almost 2 thousand years of formation, they completely lost their hunting instinct. Sennenhund is also called the Bernese shepherd or mountain herding dog. Translated from German, “hund” is a dog, and the word “zenn” means Swiss shepherds.

But the Bernese Mountain Dogs didn’t stop at one shepherd’s job. They were also used for the transport of goods, as watchmen. Although dogs cannot be guards due to their good nature, they do an excellent job with the role of watchmen. One form of menacing can scare off foes.

Alpine spaces progressed slowly. Therefore, the Bernese shepherds transported in special carts milk and other products.

Bernese Mountain Dog can pull 10 times the weight of its own - up to 500 kg.

Dogs were made for work. Labor is their favorite job. They are happy to pull the harness, help in all household chores. They need to feel useful. Otherwise, the animals will die down.

Bern adapted for life in the harsh climate. Powerful bones, strong paws, thick hair allow them to easily move along mountain ranges and endure cold weather.

Despite the "rural" origin, Bernese Mountain Dogs are not devoid of aristocratic manners. They are unobtrusive, catch the slightest change in mood and well-being of the owner.

Even the appearance of a shepherd's dog gives nobility. You can endlessly admire the light pace, proudly raised head and shimmering in the sun tricolor wool.

The origin of the Dogs. A two millennium story

The breed of Bernese Mountain Dog has more than 2 thousand years. It was not possible to establish exactly from whom the dogs originated. Most likely, the Tibetan mastiff became their ancestor.

The progenitors of the Bern went to Europe with the Roman legionnaires. They settled down in the St. Gotthard Pass in the Alps.

The ancient origin of the breed is confirmed by the excavation of Herman Kremer. During the expedition near Zurich, he stumbled upon the parking lot of the Helvetians - the ancient Swiss.

An archaeologist found dogs-like dogs' skulls brought in by the Romans. Kremer suggested that these were the progenitors of the Mountain Dogs.

Later, the animals were formed in isolation: without the impurities of the blood of other dogs.

At the end of the 15th century, the Berns were nearly destroyed. In 1489 the burgomaster of Zurich issued an order — the peasants were to kill all the big dogs. Ostensibly, they spoiled the feudal vineyards. But the people rebelled and executed the ruler.

Over the long history of Bernese Mountain Dogs several times changed the name. At first, they, like all the major herding dogs, were called Shalashovs. Later the dogs were called Durrbachleras, as the pets most often met in the vicinity of the Durrbach farm.

The current name appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. The first word was fixed in the name of the breed from the canton (city) of Bern. So the breeders stressed the difference between the Berns and other Mountain Dogs.

The struggle for recognition of the breed began in 1900. The battle was long: the dogs were brought into the international classification in 1981, and the standard was adopted in 1990.

Until 1907, in the breeding of the Berns, they adhered only to conditional boundaries. Breeders from the city of Dürrbach were concerned about the safety of the breed. Three years later, in 1910, they brought over one hundred representatives to the exhibition.

In the middle of the 20th century, serious problems arose in the breed. They appeared due to long isolated development, frequent related matings. In order to “refresh” the blood, the owners began to cross Bernese Mountain Dogs with Newfoundlands. This helped strengthen the genotype. Interestingly, after 2 generations in the appearance of the Sennenhund, there is not a trace left of the Newfoundlands.

Due to the spectacular appearance, strong physique, calm and appeasable disposition, Bernese Mountain Dogs soon became popular in Switzerland and neighboring countries.

In 1968, the American Bernese Mountain Dog Club was founded for the first time. At first, he had 62 members and 43 dogs. After three years, the number of participants exceeded one hundred.

Now Bern practically not used for work purposes. They became companions. Dogs get along well in families with children and the elderly.

Today they adhere to the FCI standard No. 45 of 2003. He assigns the mountain shepherd dogs to the 2nd group, section 3 - Swiss Mountain Dogs.

The standard description of the Bernese Mountain Dog is rather arbitrary. In the first place there are not separate indicators, but a proportional physique, a stable psyche.

At the discretion of the judges, a representative with minor deviations from the standard may participate in breeding and exhibitions, if he is healthy and harmonious.

The height of males varies from 64 cm to 70 cm, females - from 58 to 66. Weight also varies greatly: 38 - 50 kg for boys, and 36 - 48 kg for girls.

Strong, strong, with well-developed musculature. Bernese Mountain Dog rather squat, but not square. The chest is deep, ending at the elbows. The belly is not tucked up.

Large, medium length. Scissor bite. A characteristic feature - the "dry" flew, the absence of drooling.

Nose is pure black, without pigmentation. Eyes of hazel color, almond-shaped. The ears are triangular, slightly rounded at the ends, set high when the dog is not moving - hang down along the head.

Straight, of sufficient length, parallel to each other. Fingers gathered in a ball.

Thick, powerful, pubescent along the entire length. During the movement, the Bernese Mountain Dog keeps it on weight, slightly lifting the tip up. The tail should not curl or lay back.

Long, thick, with a dense undercoat. Maybe straight, with a light wave.

The main color is black. Above the eyes, on the cheeks, all the paws, under the tail, the chest is required brown-red tan. On the forehead, throat, chest there are white markings. It is desirable that they were also on the paws (but not above the middle of the pastern), the tip of the tail.

Vices due to which Bernese Mountain Dogs are disqualified include:

• split nose,
• atypical color
• Blue eyes,
• curled tail
• weak bones.

Propensity to disease, life expectancy

Bernese Mountain Dog - strong and durable. Unfortunately, they are prone to numerous diseases:

• cancer - is more common than in other breeds, is found in more than 50% of pets,
• arthritis, hip and elbow dysplasia, shoulder osteochondrosis is a scourge of large elderly dogs, but in the Bern shepherd dog it can develop in 2 - 4 years of age,
• eye pathology: retinal atrophy, cataract, entropy, ectropia,
• alopecia,
• eczema.

The average life expectancy of Bernese Mountain Dogs is 10 - 12 years. However, dogs rarely live longer than 8 to 9 years due to numerous diseases.

How to care at home

The main problems in the care of Bernese Mountain Dog are wool related. Pets molt all year round, so they are combed 1 - 2 times a week. In the spring and autumn, molting is especially intense, dogs must be combed every day.

Feed the Bern Sheepdog standard. The basis of the diet is meat, offal, cereals, vegetables, dairy products. In order for the bones to form properly, it is necessary to inject daily 1 tbsp. gelatin, stringy beef, scar.

You can not mindlessly stuff Bernese Mountain Dog with vitamins. This breed develops an allergy in overdose with vitamins A, C, E. Any complex is coordinated with the veterinarian.

They give food after walks. Animals need to rest after eating. Otherwise, there will be problems with the gastrointestinal tract: bloating and blotting of the intestine.

The rest of the care at home is standard:

• rub their ears with a sponge and a special lotion once a week,
• brush your teeth with a special paste and brush every 7 to 10 days,
• eyes regularly inspect, remove nitrous,
• claws are trimmed as they grow, if the dog gets enough physical activity, they should wear themselves,
• skin check after each walk - due to the thick coat you can not notice ticks.

Puppies must remove dewclaws. They are useless. In this animal easily injures them.

Bern more like a cold climate. In the summer, make sure that the pet does not overheat. Because of the long thick hair often occur thermal shocks.

Best of all Bernese Mountain Dogs feel in a private house. They can be kept in the aviary, but not on the chain.

Bern suitable for apartment maintenance. However, they need to walk at least 2 times a day. The problem is a copious molt. We'll have to put up with the fact that wool will be everywhere. Like all the Molossians, Bernese Mountain Dog matures late. The dog is considered a puppy up to 2 years. At this time it is impossible to load the muscles and bones of the animal, for example, to force to pull heavy harness.

Intense exercise is also prohibited for adult dogs. You can not force the Bernese Mountain Dog to run to exhaustion, jump from high altitudes. This can lead to joint problems.

Giants with a good heart. Features of character and behavior.

Bern Sheepdog is very attached to the family. Although she loves all members, but the owner chooses one. You can not leave the dog for a long time alone - he needs to constantly be in the company of people. Seniors perceive other pets as a herd that must be protected. The dog gets along well with cats, birds, rodents.

He rarely shows aggression towards other dogs. Usually cruelty is the result of genetic abnormalities or improper upbringing.

Bern can safely leave with the children. Even if the child abuses the animal, the mountain dog will simply go away. But never bite and roar on the baby.

For the Bernese Mountain Dog, child safety comes first. More important than the host team. If he considers that his actions can harm the child, the dog will not obey the order.

For strangers, Bernese Mountain Dogs are friendly, but wary. They will attack only if their master is in danger.

Bernese Mountain Dogs rarely bark. They only give a voice if something out of the ordinary has happened.

The dogs are lazy enough. They get tired quickly. It is important to dose loads correctly, alternate rest with active occupations.

Basics of education and training

To educate the Bernese Mountain Dog is simple. The dog is intelligent, attentive, trying to please the owner. But since animals remain puppies for up to 2 years, problems may arise during this period.
Berna begin to teach obedience in 5 - 6 months. Before the year, he must learn the basic commands. Only 1.5 years old, when the psyche is finally formed, undergo a general course of training.

Sennenhund easily remembers commands. But it should be borne in mind that this is not a service dog. She tends to make her own decisions. Поэтому не стоит ждать мгновенной отдачи и молниеносного исполнения приказов.

По желанию зенненхунда можно обучить основам защитной дрессировки или караульной службы.

The best method of educating Bernese Mountain Dog is regular encouragement, perseverance and lack of uniformity. Ideally, if he will perceive the dressure as a game. Bernese Mountain Dogs bred in the Alps for grazing cattle. Today dogs are great companions. They easily find a common language with family members and other pets. Unfortunately, due to frequent diseases, dogs rarely live to 10 years.

Breed characteristic

The nature of the dog fully corresponds to its physical data. She is agile and bold, enduring, and at the same time - she looks truly aristocratic.

The behavior of the animal is not less impressive than its outstanding appearance. Such a dog will be loyal to the owner and will not cause difficulties in dog training.. Sennenhund gets along well with other pets, including dogs, but is self-confident, so it will seek leadership in the pack.

Tied to the owner and obedient dog is completely indifferent to strangers, but still is a vigilant watchman. After all, the behavior of Mountain Dog is distinguished by courage, calmness and firmness. Excessive aggressiveness or cowardice of a dog is considered a defect, which can occur both due to genetic predisposition, and due to the lack of training. To train such a pet should be aggressively, but without pressure.. In this case, aggressive punishment is unacceptable. Do not forget that maturity in the Sennenhund comes only in 1.5-2 years, and until that moment he will remain a playful active puppy. Training can be slow, but the animal will always try to please you.

Sennenhundy able to comply with the daily routine, but require frequent and long walks in the fresh air. That is why the maintenance of such large and active animals in a city apartment in closed conditions is undesirable.

The breed is characterized by the fact that it is amazingly in contact with small children, without causing them resentment. The dogs are peaceful, kind and balanced, friendly, affectionate and gentle, but the problem in the issue of mutual understanding with younger members of the family may arise due to the size of the animal. Therefore, the child must understand the rules of behavior with the animal and respect the pet's personal space.

Without a master, the animal longs, because it sees the meaning of its life only in serving the interests of the family. The reason for this is the powerful genetic roots and the “shepherd” instinct, thanks to which all who are younger and less automatically fall under the patronage of this giant.

Another unexpected characteristic of the animal - laziness. The dog is able to spend a huge amount of energy, but for a short period of time, after which it will need rest. They prefer to just be with people, rather than constantly running after them.

Care and maintenance

Bernese Mountain Dog be sure to rest after eatingOtherwise problems with the stomach are possible - bloating, twisting of the intestines.

Among the common diseases are also:

• dysplasia of the hip or elbow joint,
• turn of the century (entropion),
• osteochondrosis of the shoulder (congenital),
• cataract and retinal atrophy,
• heat stroke as a result of overheating - animals prefer a cool climate,
• alopecia (hair loss),
• depigmentation of the nose,
• crayfish.

If the dog has dryness and fever in the nose, or he refuses to eat and water, the temperature should be measured - this can be a symptom of a serious illness.

As for the care, there are several aspects:

1. Permanent thorough groomingsince the puppies shed year round. During moderate moulting, weekly brushing will be sufficient.
2. The breed does not need colossal physical loads. For an animal, it is more important to feel its need and to rest after energy costs. The best for this dog is long walks..
3. Sennenhundi are intelligent animals, and if suddenly the dog began to write at home, then most likely it is due to lack of attention and loneliness.

Feeding nuances

An adult animal is absolutely not picky about food. However, in a balanced diet must include meat.

Puppies need a special ration based on cottage cheese, meat and bones (for mineralization). In order for the kidneys to function normally, you should add some salt to the food - about 8 grams of salt per day. To consumption of vitamins puppies are also incredibly sensitive. Vitamins of groups A, C, E should be strictly dosed, as they can cause severe intoxication or allergies.

Preferred Super Premium Quality Dry Food - it will maintain a good immunity of the animal, which means that its wool will shine, and the mood will always be excellent.

By the way, many Sennenhundas are happy to eat raw foods, including fruits and vegetables.

You can not overfeed an animal, because overweight provokes problems with ligaments. A puppy at the age of 3-6 months will need 3 feedings per day, and an adult dog will need only one meal.

Choosing a little Mountain Dog

It is advisable to acquire an older puppy - at the age of 2-6 months. It is undesirable to buy an adult dog, since the Mountain Dogs are very attached to the owners and it will not be easy to replace the new owner.

It is worth choosing a pet in a specialized kennel, where you can be provided with a pedigree, “acquaint” with parents, see what conditions animals live in, get counseling services and all necessary support even after buying a dog.

It is worth buying a puppy where good conditions for animal life are obvious - the country kennel is best, since puppies need free space for proper development. In addition, a quality breeder will necessarily conclude a contract with buyers and inform them about the temperament of the animal, its advantages and disadvantages.

Good puppy - active, muscular and healthy. Preparing a house for the appearance of a new resident is not difficult - in the private house you can prepare an aviary, and in the apartment - a sleeping place. Mandatory bowl and pet care products. Do not forget that the animal definitely needs space - so that more than one animal should not be started in an apartment.

How much is a puppy?

The cost of a puppy is affected by:

• elite parents
• availability of documents confirming the pedigree,
• exterior (exhibition type, for breeding, "for myself."

The average cost of a Bernese Mountain Dog puppy - from 300 to 4000 dollars.

Puppy puppy

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Advantages and disadvantages of the breed

Among the advantages of the breed are noted:

• devotion to man
• lack of aggressiveness
• relative ease of training.

If we talk about the shortcomings, among them are:

• the need for careful grooming, as the dog constantly sheds,
• the animal needs frequent long walks and feels uncomfortable in a limited area,
• relatively low life expectancy (6-8 years).

Bernese Mountain Dog will be a great companion and will not cause problems with its aggressiveness, because it is a cheerful and benevolent dog. However, it is more suitable for a private house than for an apartment, and besides, it seeks to become a faithful person to the person and constantly be near him, so that she will not grow “by itself”. In addition, you will need to spend a fairly long period of time for training - but at the end of it you will receive a reliable companion who will not betray and, if necessary, will defend you.