76 species of birds are listed in the red book. Among them are many unknowns to a wide audience, but many of these birds are familiar to all. For example, black stork or gray goose, gray crane and eagle owl.
For a complete list of all birds, see below:
A sufficiently large number of birds are listed in the Red Book. Here are some of them.
- Red kite, refers to the order falcon. The red kite is under the threat of extinction, the world population of these birds numbers only 19-37 thousand pairs.
- Redlegp. Refers to a rare species. Habitat - South Sakhalin.
- Sterh. Belongs to the family of cranes. This bird nests only in Russia.
- Saker. The number of these beautiful birds at the moment tends to decrease. It belongs to the falcon family.
- Lover. It belongs to the order of stork-like, family - ibis.
There is the International Red Book, it has been maintained since 1963. There are Red Books of the regions in which the flora and fauna of a particular region are recorded.
The list of birds listed in the Book is very long. In some of them:
Quezal - the sacred Aztec bird, the state symbol of Guatemala, a rare bird, an endangered species
Mandarin Duck is the most beautiful duck on earth, in Russia hunting is forbidden
green woodpecker - is in the Red Books of Russia and Belarus
motley rock thrush - in the Red Book of Ukraine
roller printer - in the Red Book of Ukraine
Indian white peacock - listed in the International Red Book
Interesting Facts
Animal and plant life must be protected. In order for it to be preserved in all its diversity, people must develop a rational, rather than a consumer attitude to nature, which will prevent the consequences of their economic activity.
It is equally important to carefully inventory the flora and fauna that are under threat of destruction. The Red Book of Russia is just such an official document. It was published in 2001 and consists of 860 pages. Each of them has illustrations, printed detailed information about endangered animals, indicated habitat. It is noteworthy that plants and animals listed there, do not remain in the list forever. The red book should be periodically updated and republished. If the population of a species has recovered, it can be excluded from the compilation.
For example, the publication of the Red Book, which will soon appear, will be replenished with new animals that need protection. According to information from official sources, there are going to include:
- Himalayan bears,
- reindeer,
- saigas.
At the same time, gray dolphins, porpoises, humpback whales and killer whales previously listed in the book will be excluded from the list as their population has increased. Hunting them will still be banned. Species of cetaceans are protected by the moratorium of the international whale protection commission.
Scientists are worried about the fate of the Himalayan bear. Today in Russia there are 6.5 thousand individuals. Several factors contributed to the decline in the population.
- Deforestation in the Far East. As a result, the number of large cedar trees has decreased, and in fact it is in their hollows that she-bears make dens and raise offspring.
- Poachers For a long time they destroyed large animals in huge numbers, since hunting for them brings a lot of money.
Responsibility for the preservation of endangered species of fauna and flora lies with all people. Therefore, leafing through the Red Book and seeing what beautiful animals are brought there, each person should not forget about the careful attitude to nature.
The list of the rarest animals
To date, the list of species of plants and animals listed in the Red Book, has 415 items. Let's get to know some of them.
Beautiful animals - snow leopards - are almost exterminated. There are only 80 -100 individuals left in Russia. For a long time, they were subjected to ruthless destruction by poachers, pursuing one goal - to sell the valuable fur of predators. Now humanity is trying to restore the population of the snow leopard. Environmentalists do everything to preserve its habitat, and hunting for it is prohibited throughout the world.
Ussuri tiger can be found in Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krai. It is a large, fast and at the same time beautiful predator of the feline family.
The rarest cats in the world, Far Eastern leopards, are listed in the Red Book of Russia. At the end of the 19th century, animals lived in large numbers in the Khabarovsk Territory, Korea and China. Today this species numbers about 40 individuals, because it was almost destroyed by unprincipled people. In addition to valuable fur, poachers sold animal organs, of which various drugs were made in Chinese alternative medicine.
The place of residence of the Asian leopard in the territory of the Russian Federation is the mountainous regions of the Caucasus. It is almost impossible to meet him there, as there are about 10 predators left in the wild. Experts try to restore the population by reintroduction. The method consists in the fact that animals imported from other countries are kept in special nurseries, where breeding conditions are created. When their numbers increase, predators will be released into the wild.
The mountain wolf has a bright red color and a bushy tail with a black tip. In Russia, lives in the Far East in small flocks. Grief-hunters subjected animals to mass shooting. Now they are in danger of extinction, therefore they are listed in the Red Book.
The sea lion, a huge eared seal, lives in the Sea of Okhotsk. It can be seen on Sakhalin Island and Kamchatka. The population of animals is not under threat, but it is still listed in the Red Book, as its population is gradually decreasing. To stop the trend, you need to identify the factors affecting her, and completely eliminate.
Eastern gorals - rare artiodactyls - which are somewhat similar to goats. In Russia, they are found in the southeast. They eat herbaceous plants and prefer to gather in small flocks. The total number in the country reaches about 750 individuals. Most of them live in reserves.
There are very few Przewalski horses left. All over the world there are no more than two thousand. In the wild, animals almost never occur. They are bred in nurseries. Previously, they lived in Transbaikalia, Western Siberia and the pre-Altai steppes. At the end of the last century, scientists conducted an experiment and released a few horses to the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Oddly enough, the animals took root and began to actively reproduce. Now there are about 100 individuals.
Vanishing trees and birds
In addition to animals, the list of the Red Book of Russia includes rare plants and birds. The Far East is a natural reserve where you can meet representatives of flora and fauna that are on the verge of extinction.
- In the forests of the Amur region, there is a tiny white-eyed species, distinguished by high-pitched singing. The birds are yellow and very beautiful.
- Along the taiga rivers rare lucky people manage to see the most wonderful duck on earth - the mandarin duck. In the same place, at night, sometimes the hooting of a fish owl, which is the rarest representative of owl birds, is heard.
- Along the rivers flowing in the Khabarovsk Territory, there are rare, conspicuous birds - Ussurian cranes. As a result of human activity, their habitats have decreased significantly, and birds need protection.
- In the forests of the Far East and Transbaikalia there are Siberian grouses, large birds that resemble cockerels. Due to barbaric hunting, their population has decreased, and they can be found only in the most remote parts of the taiga.
These birds - a small part of the list of birds listed in the Red Book. Their total number is 128 items.
Leafing through a weighty volume, you can admire the beautiful plants, the number of which in Russia is rapidly declining. Among them are many unique representatives of gymnosperms:
- Olgin larch,
- chalk pine,
- berry yew,
- high juniper,
- densely flowered pine.
All of them grow in the forests of taiga, which in recent decades have been actively cut down, destroying the unique flora. If this process is not stopped, rare taiga plants can disappear from the face of the earth, and unique animals will die with them, because their habitat will be spoiled. Our common task is to prevent this and to preserve the wonderful nature of the motherland.
Brief information about the appearance of the Red Book
The progenitor of the source is the Red Book of the USSR (1978). To characterize endangered species, a number of parameters were developed: status, habitat, abundance, breeding patterns, causes of extinction.
The modern Russian Red Book was released in 2001. This is more than 800 pages of text, with color photos and detailed characteristics of each subspecies.
List of endangered bird species
On the territory of our country one of the safest places of residence for relict (ancient) bird species is the region of the Far East. This is a natural reserve where you can find such unique species and breed names:
- tiny white-eyed (jungle Amur),
- larvae and shirokhorot (deciduous forests),
- scaly merganser (rivers in estuaries),
- Dikusha (taiga)
- pink gull (near the Arctic Circle).
Important! The majestic birds of the Red Book of Russia - the eaves and the black crane, disappear without being fully studied. Over the past 10 years, individuals of these species have never been seen in their natural habitat.
Little Swan
Representatives of the species live only on the territory of Russia. Habitat - tundra, Vaigach Island, Novaya Zemlya. A unique feature is a black beak and white feathers. Individuals feed on plants and fish themselves. In 3 years they find a mate, live with a partner to death (“swan fidelity”).
Mandarin
The bird looks like a small duck. Feature - bright orange plumage. Place of residence - East Asian region.
Representatives of the species prefer to build nests in the valleys of mountain rivers. The main cause of extinction - the spread of raccoon dogs, ravaging nests, and frequent hunting (under strict prohibition).
Shoulder Eagle
Representatives of the species almost never occur outside of Russia (they can very rarely fly in winter). This is one of the largest and most massive eagles, whose weight reaches 9 kg. Habitat: the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk and Kamchatka.
The name is due to a unique color: wings of pure white. These are predators that feed on fish (salmon) and small rodents.
Pink Pelican
The bird is listed in the Red Book due to the high threat of extinction. Pelicans settle in the mouth of the Volga, on the shores and islands of the Azov Sea. The popular name is Baba Bird.
The subspecies pelicans are distinguished by their large size. They do not dive - food is caught by means of a beak. The cause of extinction is pollution of soil and water with pesticides, drainage of water bodies.
Refers to the subspecies of the Eagles, a family of hawks. Habitat - steppe and forest-steppe of Eurasia (east of Baikal). The name is explained by the fact that individuals bury their deceased brethren. In the Red Book, the species has the status of vulnerable, with a sharp decline in numbers.
Among the reasons for the decrease in the number of birds:
- loss of nesting places due to housekeeping
- frequent death on electrical supports
- destruction of the main food (marmots, gophers).
Steppe Kestrel
This is a small falcon bird. Distinguished by a schooling character, almost never occurs in single pairs. Lives in the strip of steppes of Eurasia.
Representatives of the subspecies most affected by economic activity: chemicals destroy insects - the basis of the kestrel diet. In the Red Book has the status of a taxon on the verge of extinction (1 category).
Belongs to the category of predators. In Russia, living in the northern regions. Features: the size is identical to the gray crow, contrasting plumage, fast flight speed (320 km / h, only inferior in speed to a swift). Nesting places - rocky cliffs, mounds of marshes, tall buildings.
The number of species began to fall rapidly after the Second World War due to the active use of DDT pesticides.
After its ban and the development of environmental rules, the population is planned to increase. Sapsan in the Red Book has a status - small in appearance. The special CITES application prohibits trade in subspecies.
The Red Book, in which birds are characterized by a rare distribution and threat of extinction, is a regulatory act that guarantees the protection of the breed (from hunting and other destructive human activities). For the conservation of rare species, reserves have been established throughout the country.
Watch a video about the birds listed in the Red Book.
