The Italian Shepherd Maremma is one of the oldest breeds on Earth. Only enthusiastic dog breeders know how important the animal's pure blood is, what exactly these or other changes in the gene pool affect, how much effort and resources are sometimes required from breeders to maintain all the necessary qualities. It is curious that such efforts practically bypassed the snow-white shepherd dog from Italy.
History of
For more than 2,000 years, if not longer, a large, proud and incredibly beautiful Maremma dog lives and flourishes in almost unchanged form. A number of researchers have reason to believe that animals had descended from the heights of Tibet with the ancient Aryans and migrated to Italian lands along with nomadic peoples who were grazing cattle. Flocks of sheep and other cattle, demanding protection from the encroachments of man and the wild beast, received these sheep-dogs as the best defenders.
Similar archetypically with such breeds as the Pyrenean Mountain Dog, the Polish Tatarian Shepherd Dog (Tatra), the Hungarian Kuvasz, the Slovak Chuvach, the Greek (Hellenic) Sheepdog, the Italian Shepherd is still significantly distinguished by its independent character and special intelligence. These herding breeds undoubtedly had grandparents, which are prehistoric bronze dogs (canis familiarie matris optimae), which became the first wolfhounds.
Starting from the 17th century, the Maremmas began to be depicted in the paintings describing the hunt. Studying Italian and French paintings, you can see that they were taken on a boar, a bear, a lynx.
Breed description
Residents of the two Italian regions of the Maremma (with access to the sea) and Abruzzo (mountainous region) had long disputes over the ownership of this breed. It was decided to pacify the emotional skirmishes by adopting a double name for the breed - the Maremman-Abruzzi Shepherd. Herds were regularly distilled along these places, and the dogs gradually formed under the influence of the climatic and landscape conditions of both territories. In 1958, a complete breed standard was adopted with its thorough description.
According to the classification of the International Cynological Federation (FCI), the Italian Sheepdog (the full name sounds like Maremmano-Abruzzi) refers to the group “Shepherd's and cattle dogs, except for Swiss cattle dogs” in the section “Sheep-dogs”.
The Italian Shepherd Maremma has considerable dimensions. So, males are larger than females and reach a height of 73 cm and 45 kg in weight. Bitch below - up to 68 cm, and easier - up to 40 kg. Lightness and tallness help dogs fulfill all their intended functions. Life expectancy is about 13 years.
The muzzle should not be long, rather wide and short, resembling the face of a polar bear. Dark nose, lips and paw pads. The ears are not cropped and have a triangular shape with a length of up to 12 cm.
Eyes, ears, claws and paw pads should be carefully examined and cared for. They need to be cleaned regularly and kept in order.
The color of the dogs is white; parts of ivory, light lemon or orange are allowed.
The translucent hard coat on the body and tail reaches a length of 8 cm, on the head - short. On the neck, the fur grows abundantly, forming a tight collar. This is a kind of barrier against biting into a vulnerable spot. For centuries, shepherds wore spiked collars as a supplementary protection for maremma.
White shepherd hair may be slightly wavy, but in no way curly. This is not a whim or principle, but a necessity. Thus, airy, heavily curly wool will not be able to protect the inner thick (especially in winter) undercoat from getting wet in the rain and snow. Chill the dog will be forced to leave the herd and dry out. As well as in the heat - loose wool will let the hot air through to the skin and put the dog out of action. She will have to look for a shadow to cool. And in the absence of a maremma “on duty”, an irreparable may occur. Those, after all, are good at this breed, which has contained in itself a number of amazing, very reasonable natural qualities, bred for thousands of years.
An interesting fact is that the dirt does not linger on the snow-white coat of dogs. Having dried, she showered, not requiring additional care. Probably, this effect is achieved due to a thin coating of hair with skin fat. In this case, of course, the owner must comb the thick hair of the pet at least 1-2 times a month. For show dogs, these procedures are performed more frequently.
Dogs of this breed molt 1-2 times a year. Before molting, you can bathe the dog, then the process will be faster. Again, demonstration individuals bathe more often. It is important to note that the coat of these dogs is almost odorless and hypoallergenic.
Italian Shepherd Maremma: Character
By temperament the dog is rather a sanguine person: active, easily aroused. In this case, the braking functions arise more slowly than excitatory ones, which is quite normal for the functions it performs.
The Italian Shepherd Dog is an extremely cautious breed. A dog may not approach the owner if there is a stranger next to him. She would never eat unfamiliar food from the earth and would not accept food from the hands of others. Moreover, even from the owners will take with vigilance, if not refuse to eat at the wrong time.
In everyday life, dogs are very calm, almost do not become the instigators of fights either among themselves or with other animals.
Interestingly, in the US, the breed was recognized as the best in terms of intelligence and physical strength.
Relationships with family members and other pets
The Italian Shepherd Dog chooses one partner partner, but will be obedient with other family members, including children, whom it loves very much.
With a man, these dogs are kept on a par, do not consider him above themselves and do not servile to the owner. Obedience and obedience are not in their blood. It is necessary to win the respect and acceptance of the maremms. In communication, the owner must give the pet as much freedom as possible and allow him to do what he wants.
In this case, of course, much in the nature of the Maremmas depends on education. If a shepherd or watchman is needed, there will be one approach; if a dog is needed for an exhibition and breeding, it is completely different.
This shepherd is tolerant of other dog breeds and even gets along well with cats.
White sheepdog
With Maremma you need to do a lot. At the same time, in a pair, pedigree qualities are revealed more brightly, and it is much easier to manage two individuals. Often dogs learn useful skills from each other, competing in quality of performance.
When training they must be highly motivated. Maremma will not infinitely long perform the same commands, if it does not see the point. She will not forget her mastered skills, but will accept new tasks eagerly.
She will not bring a ball or stick to an adult. Another thing is a child. The dog will gladly entertain him with such an activity. In general, the children of the Maremma show great love and patience, allowing you to play with yourself and squeeze everything.
If children start quarrels and fights, dogs in every possible way seek to calm and separate them. At the same time, no cases of bites of children, Sheepdogs can safely be considered excellent nannies.
Maremma will not accept aggression and violence in its address as an educational measure. On the contrary, it is possible to push the dog away, after which it will be very difficult to regain the authority and its trust. It is also impossible to put an Italian shepherd on a chain or in an aviary - this will cause rejection and isolation of the animal.
Maremma - a brilliant guard
When performing security functions, the priority of a trained dog will be given to the defense of the owner, and secondly it will protect the territory entrusted to it.
Sheepdog knows how many people are under her immediate care, so if, for example, during a walk, one of the children lags behind the rest of the group or is lost sight, the maremma will not budge until the lagging behind appears on the horizon.
In recent years, the Italian shepherd dog Maremma has quite positive reviews as a bodyguard. It is extremely difficult for kidnappers to approach a person if there is a maremma near. The Italian Shepherd (photo confirms this) looks elegant, but inspires fear and respect.
The breed has innate qualities of responsibility and integrity, as well as good adaptability to the new environment.
Maintenance and care
Maremmano-Abruzzo Shepherd has no place in the maze of city streets. She needs a field of fields and mountain slopes, for lack of which the whole countryside will suit.
You can keep a maremma in an apartment only with the obligatory condition of long daily, at least 3-5 hour long walks in the fresh air. From 3-4 months puppies should start to run at a slow trot up to 2 km per day. From 5-6 months, you can already walk a dog, riding along with it for 5-6 km on a bicycle every day. It is extremely important for strengthening the musculoskeletal system, joints and muscles of the animal.
Dog food
Feeding puppies up to 11 months should occur at least 6 times a day. With age, the number of meals should be reduced to 2-3 times.
It is important to separate the feeding of dry food (preferably premium) and natural food. The latter includes lean, uncooked or scalded meat, cereals (buckwheat, rice), vegetables that do not contain starch, unsweetened fruits, and sour-milk protein. Required vitamin supplements.
Under the ban for all animals - smoked, sweet, salty and spicy food.
Choosing a puppy
When choosing a puppy, you should definitely learn as much as possible about his parents, especially about the mother. It is known that more than 70% of the gene pool is transmitted to the baby from her. It is necessary to ensure that the eyes were dark in color, with a minimal yellow tint, or even without it. The head, like everything else, must comply with the standard.
Unlike many other breeds in which puppies acquire the color of an adult individual over time, the babies of Maremma are immediately born white.
Before acquiring a baby, you can visit dog shows, get to know all breeders, get to know the contacts of veterinarians and dog trainers who are familiar with the peculiarities of this particular breed. Experts should help in the selection and further care of the animal.
The cost of a puppy can vary from 30 to 70 thousand rubles. The price is affected by the exterior of the dog, its breed, the correctness of the lines, and the titularity of the parents.
Work with herds
Future working dogs should be handed over no later than 32 days old. If, up to this point, they do not see the herd, the necessary merger will not occur. It is noticed that sheep are not at all afraid of exactly white dogs, probably taking them for kin.
When working with a herd, dogs work as partners, coordinating protective and regulatory activities. Someone heads the flock, someone structures and forms the structure of the herd, located on its perimeter. Incredibly intelligent dogs are keenly watching everything that happens, without leaving anything out of sight. When an extraordinary situation arises, an immediate reaction follows, often not at all requiring the presence and intervention of a person. Maremmas make their own decisions and implement them with lightning speed.
Having a light skeleton, an elongated body and strong muscles, being extremely hardy, the Italian shepherd is able to tirelessly repel attacks on a herd of even large predators. When dogs drive a wolf from the herd, one always stays next to the sheep, and another hides among them. There is a known case when a dog introduced to the USA stoically drove away a grizzly bear trying to drag a sheep away. The snow-white dog merged with the soft woolen fur coats of the wards and appeared in the very place where the thief sneaked up. Having received repeated resistance, the bear retreated, and the shepherd dog kept the herd safe and sound.
It is said that in order to strengthen the connection of the dog with the sheep, the newborn puppy is applied to the sheep's udder in order to rally these animals and make it one family. Moreover, the endurance and patience of the Maremma is confirmed by another amazing observation. After the birth of the lamb, the dog only allows itself to come up and eat the placenta when the mother leads the baby away. The dog will not allow itself any intervention in the first hours of the privacy of a parent with a child.
The Maremma does not bite the sheep, but blocks their path, forcing the flock to change the trajectory of movement as required.
Not knowing they were tired, suffering frost and heat, wind and rain, transitions over considerable distances, overcoming the differences in landscape heights, the Italian Shepherd surprisingly finds in itself more and more strength to fulfill its duty.
Breed history
Maremma or Abruzzo Shepherd Dog - named after two regions of hot Italy: Maremmo and Abruzzo. When they could not divide the championship, which was supposed to go to one of them and legitimize the appearance of a dog in one of them.
I had to give in and give in to everyone, and the dog was given the name of both - this is how Maremmo appeared - the Abruzzo shepherd.
In turn, the animal performed the duties of a shepherd, protecting the wild predators from attack, helping people to control the herd. According to the first descriptions, it is a sturdy animal, snow white in color with noble character traits, hardy and fearless in battle.
It is believed that before there were two varieties: abruzzi and maremma. Abruzzi holders of elongated body and abundant wool, which gave them an advantage in survival in the highlands. Maremmas were more miniature, without a rich coat of wool.
- In 1950 she received her first official recognition as a breed.
The Eastern Shepherd Dog (white), also a Pyrenean representative and Tibetan mastiffs, who also began their march around the world more than 2 thousand years ago, were officially recognized as her descendant.
Certificates of those and others are in quality, drawings, small descriptions and references in Roman culture.
In the modern world, the Italian shepherd is primarily a companion, although it still serves in the remote provinces of Italy as an assistant shepherd. Actively distributed not only in the territory of the historic homeland, but also among US farmers, they, in turn, sincerely believe that the dog is the best among his fellow tribesmen for working qualities.
Standard for breed
The description of the Maremmo Abruzza Sheepdog breed and its standard, has existed for a long time and was first adopted in 1958, since then there have been no significant changes in the exterior.
Large dogs with drip white hair, have large bones.
- Height at the withers for males: up to 75 cm, weighing from 38 to 48 kg,
- Bitches are more miniature - from 57 to 65 cm: weighing 30-40 kg.
By gender, girls are significantly less males, more graceful and less bulky.
- Head: predominantly flat, forehead not significantly high, shaped like a dome. The transition from the forehead to the face - stupid type. A large head, visually reminiscent in appearance of a polar bear. Nose - black, completely dyed.
- Eyes: dark color, almond shape, medium size.
- Jaw: Medium size, strong, with a full set of teeth. Lips tight, also black color. Eyelids, nose and lips - must have a black color, any other, is considered to be a breed marriage. Bite - scissor.
- Ears: in form resemble the English "V". Hang, well mobile. At the tips have a significant sharpening, do not stop. At some official representatives, it is allowed to stop, but only to facilitate the work, according to the standard - it is prohibited.
- Withers: broad type, powerful, visually protruding above the level of the back, smoothly moving into the back area with well-developed muscles, there is a slight lumbar protrusion.
- Thorax: wide, voluminous, can reach the level of the elbow.
- Limbs, paws: straight, wide set, with lean muscles, thigh - broad, strong. Paws tightly assembled in an oval lump, fingers oval with strong nails, black color.
- Tail: low landing, when moving just hangs down, is flush with the hock.
With increased activity and alertness, slightly above the level of the back, but not strongly bent. Powerful, in form - saber.
The coat is white, but may have slight ebb, the undercoat is well developed, its length is average. Paws, head and ears, have shorter hair. The maximum hair length is up to 10 cm. There is a semblance of a mane on the neck and chest, front paws and shoulder.
The special structure of the hair, makes it possible to survive in harsh natural conditions, at very low temperatures, as well as extremely high.
The peculiarity of the breed is that it has an interesting peculiarity for self-cleaning with the help of a special fat composition. Dirt, dust and water are not absorbed, leaving a snow-white fur coat without any changes.
Character and temperament
Breed Maremma or Abruzzo Shepherd - the owner of not only an interesting appearance, but also of the same unusual character. Outwardly, they are pleasant, snow-white wool gives them stati and innocence, but the character is significantly different. According to his individual characteristics, the dog is a hunter and guard, he is the master of the situation, makes decisions on his own.
- Это не значит, что он не способен уживаться в семье или не управляем, просто требуется более тщательный подход к собаке и повышенное внимание воспитанию.
With a well-established relationship with the owner, she is able to feel it at an instinctive level, understands facial expressions perfectly, and can easily determine her mood.
It is mistrustful to strangers, but at the same time it will not show obvious irritation, it will rather wait and look out. He treats friends well, does not show obvious aggression unnecessarily. Capable of quick and decisive action.
- Intelligent and smart, loves intellectual tasks, active games in the society of the owner. He treats children condescendingly, protects and controls movements, considers that he is responsible for them, because They refer to the property of a person in her opinion.
Her observation, often gives sincere behavior of its owner: if a person is calm, does not show irritability, then the dog is calm along with the owner, also in the opposite direction.
She is emotionally stable, calm and sociable within the family. Tied to the owner and does not like his long absence. Sometimes she can be stubborn and stubborn, but if she is persistent, she will submit. Only one person is best heard, namely the owner. Does not like the manifestations of rudeness, physical abuse and screams.
Consciously will not go to the conflict without a clear need, but in the period of the threat - an ardent and dangerous opponent, not ready to give in under any circumstances. It is necessary to avoid communicating with other males, they often conflict with each other and can grapple to the victorious, it will be very difficult to separate them.
Training and education
Starting education from an early age, from about 2 - 3 months, study light commands first, time for more than 30 minutes a day. Gradually increasing the load with the maturing of the pet. You can also study with a professional from 3 months.
Use encouragement, in the form of goodies and praise. Alternate training with active games. It is required to show attentiveness, perseverance, refrain from physical punishment and rudeness.
To start socialization from 2 months, to accustom to a leash and a collar, to go out to lively places, to communicate with strangers, accustoming to loud noise and other people's animals and people. You can take with you on a mini trip, fishing and hunting.
Walks for adults: 2 times a day, long. For a puppy 3 - 4 times. Suitable active games with a ball, puller and rope.
Health and life expectancy
Owners of good immunity, rarely get sick, but have certain genetically predispositions:
- Diseases of the musculoskeletal system,
- In older age - organs of vision,
- Predisposed to eczema and allergies,
- Back problems
- In females endocrine disorders after childbirth and pregnancy.
Life expectancy from 12 to 15 years with proper care and proper nutrition.
How much is a puppy
The puppy moves to a new home between the ages of 1.5 - 2 months, it is worth choosing a breeder in advance. Every cattery has a website where mating is announced, there is information about parents.
It is not difficult to choose a puppy, first get acquainted with the factory, look at the mother of the baby, ask about her health, look at the pedigree.
Kids at this age are active and inquisitive, they eat and sleep a lot. Looks like teddy, little polar bears.
The cost is quite high: from 800 to 1300 euros. Puppies with good performance of the exterior and exhibition future are, respectively, higher than their fellow tribesmen.
Owner reviews
- Mikhail, 32 years old, Moscow
Surprisingly clever dog, problems with education did not arise. The breeder recommended - dry food for feeding, the name “Go” he ideally suited us, we still eat. He loves to go fishing with me, is very attached to me, his wife says when I leave without him, refuses to eat and sleeps until I come from fishing. Therefore, I try to always take with me.
- Anton, 40 years old, St. Petersburg
The most faithful and faithful companion. Excellent guard, no alarm with no need, adores my daughter, ready to endure everything from her, riding, twitching by the tail. Of course, we do not encourage this, but we missed it a couple of times, but he didn’t even use it. I am happy that we have Max, we love him very much.
History of origin
According to the legend, the ancestors of the modern Maremma-Abruzzo sheepdogs arrived in the territory of present-day Italy, along with the legendary Aeneas, who escaped from the destroyed Troy.
Experts are not inclined to believe the legends, therefore, they believe that the Italian shepherd dog is descended from the Asian Shepherd Dogs who accompanied the nomadic Aryan tribes who came to the European continent from the Tibetan mountains.
Be that as it may, in fact, the first information about these magnificent animals dates from the first century of our era, where they were referred to as companions of shepherds and protectors of herds of goats and sheep. Therefore, it is safe to say that the Maremmas are one of the oldest breeds of guard dogs.
Maremmas helped guard herds of sheep and goats
The unusual name of this breed is also associated with an interesting story. According to her, in the middle of the nineteenth century, the Italian regions of Abruzzo and Maremma, in which these dogs were used as guardians of livestock from wolves and bears, started a dispute, as it should be called magnificent animals. To reconcile both sides, the Florentine professor proposed to give shepherd dogs a double name - maremma-abruzzi, which was assigned to the breed of these herding dogs.
In the meantime, the inhabitants of Abruzzo and Maremma vied for the right to give the name to these animals, dogs began to be exported to other European countries. Among the French and English shepherds, the proud Italian wolfhounds gained extraordinary popularity, thanks to their protective and protective qualities and the ability to quickly drive away predators from the herd. Soon the Maremma-Abruzzo sheepdogs spread throughout Europe.
At the beginning of the last century, the first club of these dogs was founded, and the first breed standard was adopted in 1924. True, the official registration of this magnificent animal had to wait another thirty years, since they were recognized by the International Cynological Organization only in 1956.
Appearance and description of the breed
Maremmas make an impression of rather large and heavy animals, but in fact they are so agile and mobile and can easily overcome many kilometers distance or climb a steep ascent of a mountain range.
- these are strong dogs, possessing a powerful build, with a broad chest and a straight back. The height of the males at the withers reaches seventy-five centimeters; animals weigh up to forty-five kilograms. Females are a bit smaller, their height does not exceed seventy centimeters, and they weigh no more than forty kilograms,
- hoisted long and muscular. The tips of the paws are rounded,
- the tail is of medium length, covered with long thick hair,
- in animals, the head with a large forehead is elongated in the nasal region. The ears are long and drooping. Eyes almond shape. And the eyes and nose are dark, often black,
- The fur of the maremmas is fluffy and slightly stiff to the touch with a thick undercoat. On the neck near the withers the hair is slightly longer than on the whole body,
- color mostly white, but there are representatives of this breed with a beige or cream color fur.
Important: modern maremmas look the same as their ancestors who accompanied the shepherds two thousand years ago, since in order to preserve the purity of the breed, it was forbidden to cross them with other dog breeds.
The nature and behavior
Maremma-Abruzzo Sheepdogs have a wayward and obstinate character. Unlike the German Shepherd Dogs, who perceive the owner as the center of the universe and are ready to obey him in everything, the Italian beauties consider the owner to be an equal partner, and not the dominant alpha. Maremma will do only what it sees fit, and turn the dog into an obedient puppet will not succeed.
Adult dogs of this breed are calm, restrained and balanced animals. But puppies Maremma-Abruzzo Shepherd, like all kids are very playful and inquisitive. Naughty fluffy puppies that look like white bear cubs can play and frolic for days on end, which makes them excellent pets for children.
Puppies of the Italian Maremma-Abruzzo Shepherd are ready to frolic all day long to fly
Guarding qualities
In these magnificent animals, nature itself has a protective instinct, therefore both the owner and all the household members are objects for the dog that need to be protected and monitored for their safety. Being close to the owner, the pet will not for a minute lose vigilance, preparing to protect him from the enemy at any time. These shepherd dogs are distinguished by courage and fearlessness and the snow-white pet, without hesitation, will rush to the protection of the owner if he feels the threat hanging over him.
Given the behavior of the Italian Maremmas, it is not surprising that they are not too friendly towards strangers. When guests come to the house, the dog will carefully examine each visitor, watchfully watching the movement of strangers over the territory entrusted to her. At the same time evilness or aggression is not characteristic of the maremma, just an animal, thus making sure that strangers have no bad intentions, and they do not pose a threat.
What is also interesting is the dramatic differences in the behavior of the dog during the day and at night. In the afternoon, the Maremma, although it behaves wary and mistrustful of the guests, but will remain calm, allowing them to freely walk around the site under its control. But with the onset of darkness, the guarding instincts of the shepherd dog become aggravated and the dog perceives even a familiar person at night as a potential enemy. Therefore, go out at night to the courtyard, patrolled by the Maremma, guests should only be accompanied by the owner. Needless to say, no thief can sneak past such a guard to the site.
Surprisingly, the Italian shepherd dog treats the rest of the pets very friendly and peaceful. Maremma will never harm cats or other dogs with which she lives in the same house, because for her, these pets are also objects that need protection and protection. Even if the neighbor cat wanders into the yard, the dog will not touch her. The owner can easily start small animals, such as chickens or rabbits, without fear that the Italian Maremma will hunt them.
Interaction with children
Some experts do not recommend starting a maremm as pets if there are small children in the family, as they consider these animals unpredictable and aggressive.
But the majority of owners of Italian shepherds claim that dogs of this breed are very kind and tender to children. You can't call the playful maremma, but the dog will patiently take down all the tricks of the child, allowing him to “heal” while playing a doctor or tie a bow on his head, if the child imagines himself a hairdresser.
The owner can safely leave the baby under the supervision of such a guard. After all, the dog not only will not allow a stranger to him, but will also prevent any attempts by the child to go beyond the territory.
In fairness it should be noted that friendliness and patience maremm applies only to the children of the owner. Neighboring kids Shepherd can perceive as a potential threat. And some dogs are irritated by noisy fun and bustle of children, therefore, it is undesirable to involve the pet in active and fun games.
Training and training
Despite the fact that these dogs have high intelligence and ingenuity, their training and education is a complex and laborious process. The fact is that the shepherds, leaving the pasture, left the herds under the supervision of snow-white pets, and the animals had to make their own decisions and immediately respond in the event of an attack by predators. Therefore, dogs have developed an independent and stubborn character, as a result of which they do not always willingly carry out the owner’s commands.
To teach a proud pet obedience, the owner should first gain his trust and respect. Starting training, a person must prove his authority and leadership qualities to a dog, otherwise it will not be possible to teach a wayward sheepdog to discipline.
The sooner the owner starts learning the puppy, the better. You can start training with a two-month pet, teaching him to perform the most basic commands: “sit”, “lie down”, “come to me” and “cannot”.
Basic rules for Maremma training:
- the command should be given in a calm but firm tone, without turning to a scream,
- start the next team only when the pet fully learns the previous skill,
- for each successful team praise the puppy and encourage him with a treat,
- prevent the dog from evading the command, and repeat the order until it obeys. After all, it is worth the owner once to show weakness, as a cunning and stubborn puppy will no longer obey him, having doubted his authority.
Important: in no case should the animal be subject to physical punishment. Italian Shepherds do not tolerate violence and cruel treatment, and using such methods, the owner will only repel the pet, and not win his respect.
Care and maintenance
Maremma-Abruzzo Shepherd is able to take care of its appearance itself due to the fact that their white coat is covered with a protective fatty film. Even if the dog is wedged in wet mud, after drying the mud layer will disappear by itself and the fur coat of the animal will again become clean and snow-white.
Wool Maremma is protected by a film, so do not worry about frequent washing.
But this does not mean that the pet does not need the care and care of the owner:
- The thick, luxurious shepherd wool should be combed once a week. In the spring and autumn during the molting period, dogs are combed more often,
- It is not recommended to bathe animals, as water washes away the fatty film from their fur. If there is a need to clean the pet's hair, instead of water procedures, it is better to use dry shampoo,
- the ears are regularly inspected, cleaning the inner surface of the auricles from dirt and sulfur,
- as these animals run around a lot, their claws are ground on the ground or asphalt, so you do not need to prune them.
Choosing a place of content
City apartment is not the best place for these dogs. They need constant walks in the fresh air, so this pet is suitable only for owners of country houses with a large spacious plot.
For the shepherd should establish a convenient aviary, and its location should be protected from direct sunlight. Indeed, because of the thick undercoat, animals do not tolerate heat very well and cannot be under the scorching sun for a long time.
Also, do not forget that the Italian Maremma need to move a lot, and even if you have your own yard, which the dog will patrol, you will have to take long walks with your pet at least twice a day.
Maremmas need to take a very long walk twice a day.
Diet and feeding regime maremm
Large, mobile and active shepherd requires a rich and balanced diet. For them, suitable, both dry and natural food. But, if the owner has chosen ready-made industrial food, then it should be of high quality and contain the necessary vitamins and supplements for dogs.
As a natural food animals offer low-fat varieties of meat, dairy products (cottage cheese, kefir), vegetables and cooked in meat broth porridge. Meat maremma give raw or boiled, and this product should be half a single serving. You can sometimes pamper pets with beef bones with cartilage and remnants of meat. When feeding with natural food, vitamins and calcium should be added to food.
No less important is the feeding regimen. Until six months of age, puppies are fed five to six times a day. After half a year, pets are gradually transferred to three meals a day. Adult dogs are fed twice a day, at the same time.
Smoked and fried foods and foods high in salt, sugar and spices should not be given to sheepdogs.
Animals should always have access to clean, fresh water, especially in summer.
Important: dog food should be separate, therefore it is impossible to combine dry food and natural food. It is better to choose one type of feed.
Puppy price
For a beautiful purebred puppy with a history of pedigree and all the necessary documents, the future owner will have to pay a considerable amount. After all, the cost of these dogs varies from thirty to eighty thousand rubles.
Buying a puppy is best in the nursery, and not with it. Of course, for private breeders, the baby of this breed is cheaper than in a specialized nursery, but unscrupulous owners can sell a sick puppy, and is it worth the risk?
The absence of genetic diseases is one of the main advantages of Maremma.
The advantages and disadvantages of a maremma: owner reviews
And what do people who are fortunate enough to become owners of these magnificent animals say about their pets?
Marina: Italian Shepherd is much better than writing about it.
We adore our dog! And the fact that Maremmas are naughty and stubborn is completely untrue. Our shepherd is not only beautiful and intelligent, but also very loyal to all family members. Николетта, или, как мы ее называем, Никки, считает всех домочадцев своим личным «стадом», которое нужно охранять, и любит, чтобы мы были у нее на виду. Когда мы берем собаку на дачу и разбредаемся по участку, Никки очень нервничает и старается собрать нас вместе, и за этим процессом чрезвычайно интересно наблюдать.
Но есть у породы и минусы, один из которых – собака очень обидчивая и злопамятная. Если на нее прикрикнуть, обижается, как ребенок и может целый день меня избегать. And, in order to earn her forgiveness, I have to apologize to her and treat my favorite delicacy.
Oleg: a wonderful assistant and guard in a country house
These dogs are great for keeping in a country house. Such a shepherd can safely entrust the protection of the house and the site. She would never allow strangers into the territory and no thief would slip past her. The dog is always ready to make a company to the owner for a walk. She gets along well with children and other pets.
But if you decide to start this dog, then be prepared for the fact that it constantly barks at passing cars and passing by strangers, especially at night. And to wean her from it will not work.
Svetlana: it's not just a pet, it's a family member
When this dog was started, they did not even think that it would become a full member of our family. This is the smartest and clever dog in the world! She is very devoted and affectionate, and for the child our shepherd has become a real nurse.
Better defender and guard than Maremma not find. And she does not reveal anger and aggression towards outsiders, as they write about her. If an uninvited guest penetrates the territory, the dog will not bite into it and bite the stranger, but simply roll it down and hold it until the owner arrives. With such a pet, you can sleep at night.
A handsome man with snow-white wool, aristocratic habits and piercing eyes can be for the owner not only a protector, but also a faithful faithful friend. But for this you need to make some efforts, because you can win the trust and respect of a pet only with good attitude, care and love.
Maremma-Abruzzo Sheepdog and Man
In modern life, a dog tries to behave in the same way with strangers and even with owners, which often leads to unpleasant consequences. In almost all descriptions of the nature of the Maremmas, their desire to dominate the family is ignored. sudden and unpredictable aggression towards the owners, tough attitude towards children.
The qualities that are so necessary for work become a source of danger for people who do not have sufficient experience in dealing with a large and strong dog.
Potential owners should be aware that dogs of this breed may be aggressive when trying take food from them, close in an aviary or take on a leash. Aggression is manifested without warning, the dog can peacefully sit at the feet, allow himself to be stroked, and after the command "into place" attack the owner.
And the dog does not just hit his fangs, trying to scare, but rips soft tissue. This is often preceded by a difficult period of growing up, and single episodes of expression of discontent in the form of growls, separated by large periods of time.
Maremmas can behave in a family like absolute leadersby not allowing children or weaker family members to go into certain rooms or sit on the sofa. This is always associated with the wrong behavior of the owners, and if the dog is not hard to put in place, it becomes dangerous. But, it should be noted that in case of danger, he will selflessly protect all households.
Attitude to children
Maremma is not at all nannies for kids, as spelled in most articles. These dogs can be a friend to younger members of the family only if the owner properly educates the puppy.
Other children, as well as friends of the child, who occasionally come into the house, can be perceived by the dog as a potential threat. Many dogs are annoyed by the noisy bustle and impudence of children.
Attitude towards other pets
Most Maremmas not aggressive to other animalsThey perfectly get along with any breeds of dogs, especially if they grew up together. The herding character of the dog makes him see in his pets his property, which is inviolable.
Difficulties can arise only when feeding a dog: the Maremma is extremely sensitive to the encroachment on its food, and immediately expresses aggression when trying to even get close to its bowl.
Feed dogs of this breed need in isolation.
On the street, Maremmas behave calmly, not aggressive to other dogs, but males can try to measure themselves with rivals for the female. An interesting feature of the representatives of the breed is to vary its size: when attacking or threatening, the Maremma raises the hair so much that it seems huge, and the depressed dog is halved in size, folding into place.
Keeping the dog in the apartment
Argued that the Maremma will suffer when the housing maintenance. This is not entirely true, because housing maintenance carries in itself difficulties Firstly for owners. This also applies to the abundant molting of a dog twice a year, when the apartment is covered with “poplar fluff”, and a peculiar scent of carrion, in which these dogs adore riding. And the need for daily long walks, which the pet badly needs.
Content in the yard – perfect for a maremma that is not afraid of frost or hot weather. Thick wool and thick soft undercoat protect the dog from rain, cold and wind, and in summer they prefer to relax in the shade of the trees.
Wool can self-clean, as the guard hairs have a smooth surface, and the dirt from them quickly rolls, only slightly dried out. You will have to brush your dog daily so that a thick, soft undercoat does not roll into mats. You can wash it rarely, before exhibitions or after heavy pollution.
Training and walking
It is a pleasure to train a Maremmo-Abruzzo sheepdog, although they are sometimes stubborn. They seize all the new and interesting things on the fly, which is especially noticeable in the process of training small puppies. It is important to begin to socialize the pet. as soon as possibleafter quarantine.
The dog is taken on a leash and lead to people: on noisy streets, entering unfamiliar entrances, driving by car and by public transport.
The earlier the training is started, the less there will be problems with aggression towards the owner in the period of formation of the character of the dog. The dangerous period from 6 months to 2 years will pass smoothly, and the dog will obey the owner implicitly only when the owner demonstrates his superiority.
A puppy should know that the owner is the main and all-powerful being in the world, and all households are under his protection. Any growl, an attempt to stand up to protect their own piece of food or the right to lie on the master bed should be cut short.
The best way show your superiority is the rise of the dog by the skin, after that you need to press the dog to the ground and hold until it resists. It is clear that it is much easier to do this with a puppy than with a forty-kilogram teenager.
How much and where can I buy
You can buy a Maremmo-Abruzzo sheepdog in a specialized kennel or from a private breeder. Puppies without documents - a rarity in this breed, since all matings go through official organizations of the RKF or fast, there are puppies imported from abroad and adult dogs. A puppy without a pedigree is always a risk of acquiring a dog that has little resemblance to real maremma by its exterior and temperament.
Puppy price: 30,000 - 80,000 rubles, it depends on the class of the parents and the exhibition perspective of the baby.
Breed Photos
A selection of photo maremms.
Wrote awful. Like a killer dog. Nothing like this. My Maremma is very fond of children (all). I agree that the animal is independent. Stubbornly. We need an experienced owner, who understands the language of dogs, and immediately “senses” that the dog’s behavior changes towards dominance. If you stop it in the bud, you get a cute and grateful family member. DO NOT plant on a chain. Otherwise it will be as written in the article. They are from idleness and restriction of freedom develops aggression.
The article is complete nonsense, the author apparently did not see the Maremma in the eye, or saw the defective. I have Italian maremmas from different kennels, bitches and males, they are all calm, obedient, active and healthy dogs. The master for them is God, the children are well received, even by strangers. With their dogs and cats live absolutely peacefully. Strangers can be piled on dogs, yes, but only in response to aggression.
“... their desire to dominate in the family is silenced, sudden and unpredictable aggression towards the owners, tough attitude towards children ...” it was at the grief-author that somewhere was born in the head, the dog’s Maremma is gregarious, rational, independent and not aggressive to family members nor to pets. Otherwise they would not live on Italian farms for thousands of years. It's a shame for the breed, slandered 😕
But on the contrary, I liked the article, because this breed will not work for completely newbies, this is not a plush white dog, let the potential owner weigh their strength. Before the maremma I had a VEO, it was day and night, and it took me 3 times more time and effort to bring up the maremma!
I do not know where the author came from this data, but much simply does not correspond to reality! Yes, there are some stubbornness in the character of the Maremmas, but this is not critical. And they live longer - 12-15 years, not 10-12, and do not rush to the owners for no reason at all, and you can easily climb into a dog bowl, most of the maremmas are not food machines. The main thing is to raise the dog correctly! Well, this applies to all breeds without exception. And each owner of a Maremma will tell you that only two Maremmas are better than a Maremma!
I have a maremma. The description is very suitable. Stubborn, dominant dog, who suddenly "forgets" who is the boss in 2 days after they stop practicing with him. Therefore, constantly need to demonstrate leadership. Or he simply ceases to obey. And for the first time, and I hope for the last time, he had to force his brains. No he was not beaten, do not think. Just had to keep him in the supine position for about 15 minutes. At the same time, he bit two cynologists. I did not touch, but rushed like a horse. Only after that the dog began to respect me. Protects within sight. Thrown at suspicious people. It took 2 months to correct this reflex. He considers a child to be lower than himself and has always tried to show that he is more important. Not yet received. And even now, with the opportunity, he may be thrown down. Type of game such. Training is very time consuming. Think 1000 times before taking such a dog. For it is a daily battle of characters. For food, the animal does not work. And starch for a piece is not for sale. This is generally fantastic. He listens only to those who deal with him, his leader. Therefore, pass on the remote training will not work. I do not know who writes about nyashechny maremm. I think these are some kind of exhibition dogs that have lost their protective qualities. Our dog if possible, especially scares anyone who may be afraid. And almost everyone is afraid of him. The best dog just to guard. Maremme do not even need to teach this. It's in their blood. By the way, the animals strangle or allegedly strangle the animals while playing and fighting. Aggression to animals is not, but to people is very pronounced.
Written nonsense "know". For three years of dealing with Maremmas in acquaintances and strangers, I have never seen any attempts at aggression. You need to know that a person who is afraid of a dog has a peculiar smell that people do not feel, but dogs hear very strongly. It is likely that because of such bad statecs, someone will be frightened by one type of large maremmas, and it is their reaction that will provoke dogs. If an outsider behaves adequately, does not scream, does not try to attack the owner and, moreover, offend the child, then he has nothing to fear! And even an affectionate lap dog may react to the inadequate!
I will admit to the author of the article that large dogs, especially such as molosy, should be taken only by balanced and very responsible people, because, as it was written above, people are different in the street - there are noisy, aggressive and shaking children, by the end they run and sometimes shouting with balls and bicycles ... and to keep a large dog, which was badly brought up at one time, is very difficult - very few people can hold a dog, even a large man, what can we say about women.
And some, being led to some kind of "nyashnuyu appearance" of a dog, consider it a family member, their child, brother, sister, mother)) ... do not think at all that this is primarily a beast that lives by instinct, and not by reason and feelings person.
A large dog requires responsible, strong (physically and morally) owners.
It was not possible to deal with Maremma, but I know from the example of other dogs that food aggression, especially during the period of growing up, occurs very often in any breeds and even more so with a dominant character and a person choosing a dog should be ready for this, especially that this breed is protected and in its character there is some firmness and courage in relation to strangers - this is inherent in it with genes (and this is good - an ideal dog for protection, for this it was created), and therefore with the wrong education in unskilled / not experienced hands a dog can become aggressive and unmanageable even for the owner ... but this, I repeat, concerns not only Maremma, but also any other dog - any dog must be dealt with and not only on weekends or "holidays", but every day even if you There is no time, whether you are ill or simply not in mood, you need to take a leash in hand and go to the playground, do not relax at home and be a leader for your dog and then, maybe, by 6-10, the dog can be completely trusted and relax a little
I agree that they have slandered the breed. I have 4 maremmas and at dog shows, children squeeze them as they want - not the slightest aggression towards strangers. I would ask everyone who writes negative reviews to indicate where their “Maremma” is from - the nickname and the nursery. I want to see who spoils the breed !! At the same time, the “author” of this article is trying very hard - you can see how sweet he is to the Caucasian Shepherd Dogs, the ones that at the shows in muzzles and experts themselves don’t look in their mouths to watch - for it is fraught with consequences. And who is the "author" of this masterpiece? Who sucks this whole nonsense from the finger?
The article is complete nonsense, everything is exactly the opposite and about the crazy nature and about the housing content and about hatred of children. I do not know what goals the author pursues, but reading is unpleasant.
Dear Marema breeder, advise how to correct a year old boy's hair that has adapted adaptation after illness, (poisoning). How to teach him not to bark at his son in eprteer? The puppy hit me at 11 months by chance, it is impossible to attach it. Trying to find advice from sites. If you have time, please consult. 89055451870 irina
Everything is correct. Dogs are very peculiar. I clashed with several dogs by the nature of my activity, everyone had a pronounced aggression. And not long ago such a dog hit my hand, shook it for about three minutes while the hostess thought how to pull it away, broke off the nerve.
Our 7 years bite everyone. Parents are the best of the best. Brought up from childhood, incl. 3 prof. cynologist. Now for any guests - in the aviary. At the same time we love. Unpredictable dog. Now would not start.
The nature and description of the breed Abruzzo Sheepdog Maremma
A favorite of the Maremma breed, has in its genes for many millennia a congenital guard. And even not so hunt or shepherd's business, exactly how protection is their fundamental vocation. Unlike many other dog breeds, the Maremma Sheepdog is faithful and loyal not to one owner, but to the whole family along with other pets. They are ready not to live, but to death, to protect all family members, to live in devotion both in the house and in the apartment with their households.
But, despite its endless devotion, this breed is extremely independent and independent in its essence. Those who want to have such a faithful friend and companion as the Maremma Sheepdog need to bear in mind that these dogs tend to make independent decisions, especially when there is a potential danger in their understanding. But it is worth noting that if your Abruzzo shepherd persistently warns of the danger with a loud bark, or even actions, preventing you from going, for example, in a certain direction, it is better to listen to them, because most likely they will be right.
Maremma puppies very soon after birth feel their vocation in life, and since childhood, although funny, they protect the territory where they live. In appearance, puppies of this breed look like shaggy white bears, even their photos cause a smile and affection from others. But very soon they turn into serious, independent, attentive and calculating individuals. Adult Sheepdogs Maremma, with all their views bear nobility and respect (see photo). They are always as if they are wary of something and are alert to everything around. However, being still balanced, dogs of the Maremma breed always warn uninvited guests with a loud growl or bark. If the warning is ignored, strangers will not envy meeting with such a guard as the Maremma.
Breed of dogs Maremma: standards
Even in the photo it is noticeable that the Italian Shepherd Maremma is a rather large and strong dog. The appearance of these animals underlines their endurance, strength and good health. Of course, it has historically happened that the Maremma Abruzzo Shepherd dog has long learned to survive in any conditions and in any territories, let it be cold windy mountains or arid plains. Довольно подробное описание породы можно прочесть во многих справочниках о породах собак.
Самцы этой породы имеют рост от 65 до 75 см в холке и весят примерно 35-45 кг. Самки обычно меньше и имеют рост от 60 до 70 см в холке, с весом 30-40 кг.
Длина этих собак превышает их высоту. Форма их телосложения треугольная (см. фото). Шея крепкая короткая. They have a straight back, which turns into a strong muscular croup. Chest wide. Outstanding ribs.
This breed has wide large paws. Fingers below covered with hair.
The tail is usually lowered down, rather long. With nervous agitation, or alertness, he rises to the level of his back. The tail is covered with thick long hair.
As noted above, wool is the main distinguishing feature of the Italian abruzza shepherd dog (see photo). The main requirement is white, without any stains and marks. Certain shades are allowed, such as: slightly red or ivory. But white individuals of this breed are valued above all. Maremma shepherd wool is usually quite thick, the length on the body reaches 15-20 cm, rather tough to the touch (see photo). In the cold season, a rather thick undercoat appears. Also the coat of these dogs has an extraordinary ability for self-cleaning. If your pet has plentifully soiled in the swamp, when dried, all the dirt falls off from their snow-white fur coat by itself.
Conditions of detention and features of education of the Italian Shepherd
Having a loyal and faithful character, Maremma shepherd dogs are ready to live with their family and owner in all conditions, even the closest and most uncomfortable. However, if you want your pet to develop well, to be a healthy and happy dog, it is better to keep him in the most favorable conditions for him. And under their size and temperament, yet the apartment is not very suitable. Best of all, this free content in the local area. Such a freedom-loving dog, as the Abruzzo shepherd dog Maremma, requires a long stay in the fresh air, as well as constant physical exertion. Therefore, if you still decide to start a family friend in the form of a snow-white shepherd dog, be prepared for regular, timely, time-long walks on the street (three trips a day may not be enough). Since childhood, puppies of the breed under discussion are perfectly tolerated by any weather conditions. Yet coolness is more favorable for them than heat. But despite this, if your dog spends the night outside the house, it is better that he has some kind of safe shelter.
It should be noted that it is in the first two years of life that the small maremmas form the main character traits. Therefore, the owner needs to pay the most attention and to train in this particular period, to their favorites. With the right upbringing, tactful manifestation of the host’s leadership qualities, as well as love, respect and attentiveness to their pet, the Italian Shepherd Maremma will become an indispensable friend, comrade, and great guard for the whole family.
Care pet snow-white breed
To care for a sheepdog breed Maremma is quite simple. The main thing is the frequent combing of wool during molting periods, it is also important to properly care for the animal's claws in order to avoid injuries or the development of fungal infections. As mentioned earlier, the wool of these dogs perfectly self-cleaning, but bathing with a special shampoo, at least twice a year, has not been canceled.
Maremma dogs are extremely resistant to any infections. Hardened for millennia, these dogs have no diseases that can be transmitted genetically. If the pet, yet suffered a certain disease, this case can be classified as an exception to the rule, or it is a consequence of an irresponsible attitude to the dog. The pledge of your pet's good health is the provision of favorable conditions for its life, constant physical exertion. Puppies must pass all necessary vaccinations. Also, in the future, once a year, rabies vaccination is mandatory. It is necessary to conduct a safe prevention of fleas and ticks, especially in the summer.
Price puppies breed Maremma
The Italian Shepherd Maremma today is popular all over the world. Of course, it is in the greatest demand in Europe. In the countries of the former Soviet Union, the popularity of this breed is gaining momentum. However, the price of these snow-white dogs is high. Therefore, puppies of the Italian Shepherd breed are not available for many people. In one of the most famous nurseries Maremma in Ukraine, the price ranges from 800 to 1000 dollars, depending on the pedigree to which certain puppies belong.
