Proper treatment of aquarium fish diseases at home

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There are hundreds of diseases inherent in the inhabitants of the aquarium, and not a smaller number of reasons for their appearance, but the main cause of health problems in aquarium fish is one - these are poor or inappropriate housing conditions, these include:

the aquarium is in a neglected state: the water has not been renewed for a long time, has become cloudy, heavily polluted with organic waste (food remains, excreta, etc.)
fish live in unsuitable composition of water: for example, in soft instead of hard or acidic instead of neutral
an aquarium is insufficiently or poorly equipped: for example, there are no shelters, too bright lighting, high or low water temperature, tightness, etc.
not taken into account the peculiarities of behavior of different species of fish, forced to live together: for example, peace-loving species live together with predators, the presence of several territorial, schooling fish, living alone, etc.
unsuitable or spoiled food, poor diet: for example, herbivorous fish do not get herbal supplements, and predators live on a diet of dry food.

All of the above external factors adversely affect the health of fish, lead to a decrease in immunity and, consequently, increase the risk of infection by various pathogenic bacteria or microorganisms.

The main diseases of aquarium fish and methods of treatment at home

Acquaintance with the signs of various diseases will help to avoid buying a sick fish, because aquarium inhabitants are susceptible to infection at any age, regardless of their belonging to the species.

Guppies and roosters, as well as fry of all varieties, are considered one of the most unprotected species. Some diseases are so serious that the acquired pet can die literally after bringing it home.

Alkalosis or alkaline disease

Alcoholic acid can provoke an alkaline disease, too mild acidified water, which becomes so with excessive light and a lot of vegetation in the aquarium.

Signs indicating alkalosis:

tarnish color,
allotment mucus from the gills,
movements are accompanied by convulsive twitching,
breeding in the sides of the fins.

With alkalosis, the color of the fish fades.

Home treatment is to replace the water, the acidity of which correspond to pH 7-8.5. Also conduct an audit of the amount of vegetation, adjust the lighting mode.

Plistiphosis

The causative agent of the disease is amoeboid parasite that infects muscle tissue. Fungal spores are spreading quickly, so you shouldn’t delay with treatment.

The main signs of the disease:

failure to eat, rapid depletion,
color becomes pale,
gray and whitish spots are formed under the skin,
incoordination during swimming,
pasting fins.

It is important, when detecting the first signs, to remove the sick fish, the rest to be transplanted into another container with clean water. The aquarium is thoroughly disinfected (with chlorine or potassium permanganate), the plants are discarded, and the soil is calcined for disinfection.

Columnaria

The disease is indicated by the following manifestations:

education near the body of a fish or mouth white cotton (clouds)
loss of appetite, activity.

For treatment, it is necessary to deposit the pet in another container, in which phenoxyethanol is added. In addition, make baths with the use of the drug Merbromin or methylene blue. With the defeat of the internal tissues using antibiotics.

With columnaria, white cotton is formed around the body or mouth of the fish.

The cause of the disease lies in the violation of the temperature regime inherent in each type of fish.

The problem can be recognized by the following symptoms:

sluggish behavior fish, stick to the surface,
color fades,
pressing the fins,
gills darken, become swollen,
due to reduced immunity, secondary infection is possible.

Correct the situation will help compliance with the conditions of pets, in particular bringing water to the desired temperature.

Gas embolism

The disease is caused by a glut of water with oxygen. In this case, the vessels in the fish are blocked, which violates the blood circulation.

dramatic change in behavior
swimming on the side,
stiffness of gill covers,
air bubbles on the walls of the aquarium, plants and soil.

When bubbles accumulate in the vessels, the fish die. To eliminate the problem, it is necessary to adjust the filter and aerator, remove excess plants.

When a gas embolus air bubbles appear on the walls of the aquarium, plants and the fish itself

Saprolegniosis

Antifungal drugs are used to treat (dissolve streptocide tablet in water). Also make baths from solutions:

salt (5%),
malachite green oxalate,
rivanola,
formalin and others

Fungus Saprolegnosis on fins

Tuberculosis fish in the aquarium

The disease is caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium piscium. The most susceptible to the fish are the following families: tropical carp, haracin, labyrinth, tooth-toothed.

It is easier to cure in the early stages when the fish are still eating (add kanamycin in the amount of 10 mg per 10 g of food to feed).

Main features: decreased activity and appetite. More complex forms of tuberculosis are incurable, so the fish are disposed of, and the aquarium is carefully treated.

What are the diseases

Diseases of aquarium fish are divided into:

Caused by pathogens (bacteria, fungi, flatworms, viruses, thread-like worms, protozoa, acantocephalus and others).
Not caused by pathogens (diseases of physical and chemical origin, as well as provoked by improper feeding).

The maintenance of aquarium fish plays a huge role in their livelihoods. With improper care, parasites that cause illness in an aquarium inhabitant can enter the aquarium. The development of the disease may also contribute to the new fish, poor-quality food, which contains the virus, and even aquarium plants.

In order to preserve health and protect aquarium fish from disease, follow these rules:

Buy plants and fish only from trusted vendors. They must have certificates and permits for the sale of certain types of fish.
If there are different types of fish in your tank, read about their compatibility, they must have identical conditions of detention, otherwise one of the species will die.
Before buying plants or a new fish, be sure to withstand the isolation periods.

Diagnosis of fish diseases

On the topic "Aquarium fish: disease and treatment" can be faced with a lot of literature. But will she help save your silent favorites? Remember, the correct diagnosis is 50% of successful treatment. Without experience, doing it yourself is almost impossible. If you start at random to drip different drugs into the water with the fish - you will not only not cure the disease, but also aggravate the situation.

First of all, you need to understand whether it is external or internal disease. Exterior appear as spots or growths on the fins and skin. Such diseases are easy to notice at an early stage and apply timely treatment. Internal diseases of aquarium fish become noticeable only after close observation. If any deviations are observed in the behavior, the fish must be isolated from the rest and continue to be observed. So you will not allow the rest of the inhabitants of the aquarium to become infected.

How to diagnose the disease

Remember: everyone can get sick, even goldfish. Aquarium diseases can occur for many reasons. To establish the diagnosis correctly, answer the following questions:

How has the fish behavior changed?
What has changed in the habitat before infection, perhaps the source of infection has become the new "neighbors" or algae?
Has the water temperature changed in the aquarium?
Was there a release of harmful substances near the aquarium?
Pay attention to the feed, especially if you have not used feed of this brand before.
Has the pH changed? Maybe acid or alkaline disease is provoked.

And this still does not list all the factors that could harm aquarium fish. The maintenance of aquarium fish directly affects their health and appearance. After the source of the disease has been identified, determine whether it is contagious or not. If the symptoms indicate that the disease is non-infectious and does not threaten other inhabitants, then you treat only the sick fish. Otherwise, all aquatic animals are treated. The procedure is carried out in a separate quarantine aquarium, and the main one is thoroughly washed and disinfected.

Non-infectious diseases of aquarium fish are mechanical, physical, chemical and biological. Mechanical arises due to careless transplantation, the presence of sharp objects in the aquarium or unprotected equipment. Physical damage occurs when a sharp change in temperature, light disturbance, with the wrong size of the aquarium. Chemical diseases occur during the formation of substances for fish that do not meet the standards of their content, as well as toxic plant excretions, etc. Biological damage is the result of the lifestyle of the inhabitants of the aquarium. Fish, mollusks, crustaceans and other representatives of the water world do not always favorably influence each other. Even the most unpretentious type of guppy causes difficulties. Aquarium fish of another class can begin to hunt them.

Signs of illness

It is important for an aquarist to know what behavior is considered acceptable for this type of fish. There are nocturnal fish species that are passive during the day and appear to be lethargic. Other species rarely or not at all adhere to an active lifestyle, but this does not mean that they are sick. The most common signs of aquarium fish disease are:

Behavior is changing. Fish begin to swim in an unusual way: on the side, upside down or tail, rocking in place or rubbing against stones and other surfaces.
Subtle changes. Loss of appetite, color change, lethargy, apathy, etc. All this foreshadows the disease aquarium fish.
External signs. White spots, spots or ulcers appear on the fins and body. A white “down” can be observed around the mouth, the fins and the tail are gradually destroyed. The scales on the body are ruffled, and the belly is inflated.

Symptoms may appear alone or in combination. If at least one of the listed signs has been noticed, watch the fish more closely, but rather send it to the quarantine aquarium.

Aquarium for the treatment and prevention of diseases

All aquarists know that having a spare aquarium is mandatory. It is used for breeding fish, quarantine or for keeping aggressive individuals.

Using an additional aquarium as an infirmary has several functions:

To monitor the sick fish, as well as for its treatment and recovery.
For the rest of the fish after stress, aggression, etc.
Short-term isolation for treatment with a therapeutic drug.
Isolation of fish for laying eggs, etc.

All newly acquired aquarium fishes undergo preventive treatment. Diseases and treatment of diseases in other inhabitants of the aquarium due to this procedure will not bother you.

Drugs have a limited shelf life, so you should not buy all the drugs in the veterinary pharmacy, thinking that all this may be useful to you. For other drugs will need special storage conditions, which even an avid aquarist can not provide. Therefore, the first aid kit should contain only drugs from the most common diseases.

The list of essential drugs includes the following drugs:

Sea salt.
Methylene blue can cure bacterial and fungal infections. For external use only. It is used only in the quarantine aquarium.
Merkurokhrom or other disinfectants. Used for injuries, fin rot or as a prophylactic against fungal infections.

If the aquarist does not have quick access to the veterinary pharmacy, the list of necessary means can be supplemented: filter media, test kits for measuring pH, water content of nitrates and ammonia, and water conditioning agents.

Drug administration

For the treatment of aquarium fish used four main methods of drug administration.

Treatment with baths. This is one of the common methods. The method of administering drugs through water is used to treat external and internal diseases. Treatment may be long term or short term. In the first form of treatment, the procedure is carried out in the general aquarium. Short-term treatment is carried out in a separate aquarium, where the stay of the fish is calculated in hours or minutes.

For the treatment of localized diseases using a local method. The fish is removed from the aquarium and the preparation is applied to the affected area of the body. In this way, injuries and other external diseases are mainly treated.

Internal medication. Usually, the medicine inside the fish gets with food. Thus, they fight endoparasites and systemic diseases.

And the last method is injections. Antibiotics and other drugs for the treatment of systemic diseases are injected. This procedure is carried out by large fish and only a specialized doctor. Trying to enter the drug yourself, you only hurt your pet.

Disinfection of aquarium and equipment

With an infectious outbreak of the disease after treatment of fish in a quarantine aquarium, attention should be paid to the main one. Only recovered individuals are still very sensitive to new viruses and pathogens, especially goldfish. Aquarium diseases can overtake them with tripled strength if the aquarium is not treated.

For disinfection, it is necessary to treat not only the aquarium, but also the entire inventory that was contained inside or used in the treatment, it is better to replace the plants.

To get started, clean the aquarium. In any pet store you can buy a disinfectant based on alcohols, detergents, phenol, etc. After thoroughly treating the surface with such a solution, we wash the aquarium with running water to get rid of toxic substances. The same procedure is done with aquarium equipment.

Disease prevention

Any disease is better to prevent than to cure. If you follow several recommendations, you can forget about the diseases of aquarium fish for a long time.

Weekly replace 1/10 of the water in the aquarium with a new one.
Weekly clean the soil from the rotted plant particles, uneaten food and waste products of the inhabitants of the aquarium.
Watch for the population density of the aquarium.
Use only high-quality food, observing storage conditions.
Watch for temperature, etc.

These uncomplicated recommendations will extend the life of your goldfish, patzilii, swordtails, danios and guppies.

Aquarium fish will help to balance your psycho-emotional state and have a beneficial effect on the human psyche. In addition, they are silent and unpretentious.

Hexamitosis

The disease is caused by the ingestion of the flagellate in the stomach, which is possible when using poor-quality feed, infected vegetation or water.

You can recognize the problem by exhaustion of your pet, white filamentous excrement, ulcers formed on the body and head. In fish, the digestive system is impaired, the scales darken, appetite deteriorates.

Treatment consists of the following methods:

bath with ritrocycline and griseofulvin,
mixing feed with Ichthyovite, sera Fishtamin, sera bakto, ZMF Hexa-ex,
use of the drug calomel (for 250 g of food 0.5 g of the product).

The causative agents of the disease are the parasites of the flagellates, which fall into the pet from food, soil, "new settlers". They affect the skin of the fish and gills, eat the contents of gill cells.

The maximum activity was observed at a temperature of 25-28 degrees.

When kostoze fish trying to comb and behave restlessly

The main signs that indicate the disease:

desire to scratch about anything
restless behavior,
asthma attacks
decreased appetite
mucus formation on the gills,
appearance gray bloom on the body.

You can also use a solution of free chlorine (1 ml per 1 liter of water). Duration of treatment is 5-7 days.

Asphyxiation occurs when there is insufficient oxygen enrichment of the environment. More often such cases are encountered when the aerator is not working properly or the aquarium is overcrowded.

The following symptoms indicate a problem:

openness of gill covers,
intense respiratory movement.

The situation can be rectified with the urgent relocation of pets to another tank with a sufficient oxygen content. It is also worthwhile to set up the work of the aerator, to speed up the cleaning of the container from food residues and debris.

The main diseases of aquarium fish and their treatment

Diseases of aquarium fish are contagious and non-contagious. Non-contagious diseases are caused by adverse environmental factors (improper temperature, poor feed quality, etc.). Заразные заболевания провоцируют возбудители, которые быстро распространяются в закрытом пространстве аквариума и могут вызвать гибель всех его обитателей.

Заразные болезни делят на инфекционные и инвазионные. Infectious diseases are diseases in which pathogens are bacteria, fungi, viruses, and invasive ones are provoked by animals. A detailed description of common diseases of aquarium inhabitants with photos and methods for their treatment will be given below.

You will find more information about the main diseases in the video.

Contagious diseases

As mentioned above, infectious diseases are provoked by the pathogen (bacteria, fungus, etc.). Depending on the type of the disease, characteristic symptoms of the pathology also appear.

In order to diagnose the disease in time and carry out the correct treatment, you need to know certain signs of popular diseases and be able to deal with them.

Fins rot: treatment

At the initial stage, it appears in a weak bluish-white clouding of the edges of the fins and sometimes the cornea of the eyes. Gradually, the ends of the rays of the fins begin to fall off, their edges become disheveled (Figure 1).

Note: In young individuals, the tail fin completely disappears. At the base of the ruined fins ulcers appear, the vertebral column becomes bare and the pets die.

The cause is an infectious disease that destroys the fins. In the role of the pathogen serves wand. The disease develops due to poor care, as well as a rare change of water. The disease affects labyrinth, neon species, as well as the scalar and barbs. Most affected fry.

Figure 1. Signs of fin rot

To stop the disease it is necessary to improve the maintenance of pets. If the fins are severely affected, medication should be used. For example, you can arrange therapeutic baths in a separate container. It is also necessary to regularly disinfect the aquarium, soil, equipment. Plants to process bitsilinom-5.

The disease appears after a lot of stress or when the aquarium is full, where there are poor conditions. To prevent the occurrence and multiplication of the disease, one should adhere to the optimal conditions of detention.

Ichthyosporidiosis

With the defeat of the disease in individuals coordination of movements is disturbed, they swim slowly, sometimes they lie on the bottom, move abruptly. Also lost appetite and bulging eyes. With a strong defeat, the eyes are destroyed, the scales are raised, the fins are trembling, the color darkens, ulcers and dead areas appear. Sometimes there may be no outward signs or they are barely noticeable (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Symptoms of ichthyosporidiosis

Infectious disease, the causative agent of which is a fungus that is constantly in the cyst. In it parasites breed and fall into the surrounding tissues. The fungus can appear in all tissues and organs, except for bone and cartilage tissue and skin. The fungus enters the aquarium with plants and soil, with fish, mollusks living in open water.

Note: The disease appears and proceeds slowly, death comes from exhaustion and atrophy of internal organs.

This disease is contagious and cannot be cured, so the affected individuals need to be killed. The rest are transferred to a quarantine tank for observation. The container in which the infected individuals were kept is well disinfected. Plants are thrown away or disinfected. Inventory and primer need to boil.

Among the means of prevention can be distinguished thorough inspection and preparation of food. For example, sea food must be heated, as the high temperature destroys the fungus. We can not allow healthy individuals to eat the dead, as it may be parasites.

Trihodinoz

At the initial stage, the symptoms of the disease are mild: the individual is located near air bubbles, it is rubbed against plants, stones, and soil (Figure 3). If you direct the rays of light on it, you can see the matte areas. Over time, the body becomes covered with white bloom, mucus and a pale color appear on the gills. The individual loses its appetite, breathing quickens, the reaction slows down and it dies, turning on its side.

Figure 3. Trihodinoz in aquarium fish

The causative agent of trichodinosis is a round-ciliary infusoria, reddish color. In the aquarium gets from the pond where fish are found, with plants and soil, if not boiled. Lives parasite on the skin and gills.

When manifestation of the disease, individuals are moved to a quarantine tank, aerated with the addition of methylene blue. In the aquarium without fish, infusoria die within 2-3 days. In the future, for the prevention, it is necessary to strictly observe the rules of hygiene and move all new individuals to quarantine before settling in the rest.

Branchomycosis

Patients lose their appetite, they do not have enough oxygen, they rise to the top and grab air by mouth (Figure 5). On gill sheets there are point hemorrhages, gill covers are deformed. Bright red, blue and pale areas are visible on the gills. With a strong defeat the fish swims on its side and dies so.

Figure 5. Branchomycosis symptoms

Pathogens are fungi that settle on the gill petals. All freshwater species with poor content are affected. High temperature, organic compounds of dead algae contribute to the development of the disease. The disease is developing very rapidly, especially affected individuals are affected.

When the first signs appear, all pets are transferred to a quarantine tank and treated with oxalate of malachite green, and the lookout is cleaned and disinfected.

To prevent the appearance of branhimikoza need to monitor the cleanliness and hygiene of the aquarium.

A sick individual swims sideways, pineal protrusions, tumors and spots appear on the body, there is a beam eye (Figure 6).

Figure 6. Glugeosis of aquarium dwellers

In the role of the pathogen are sporozoviki, which are colonized on the tissues, internal organs, gills. Sick fish and plants are destroyed. The aquarium and all accessories must be sanitized.

Ringworm or saprlegnia

In the places of wounds and ulcers white threads appear throughout the body, which turn into a plaque of white or light yellow color (Figure 7). In individuals, the fins decrease, stick together and collapse, sometimes they fall off, it becomes lethargic and sedentary.

Note: The causative agent is mold fungi settling on fish with mechanical trauma of the mucous membrane. The fungus enters the outer tissues of the skin and gills. Figure 7. Symptoms of ringworm

If an individual has another disease and a mushroom has settled on it, then it is necessary to determine and treat it. It is necessary to remove plaque with tweezers from ulcers. After recovery, the fungi will disappear themselves. If the fungus has appeared on the upper integumentary tissues or mucous membranes, the individual is moved to a quarantine aquarium with the addition of oxalate of malachite greenery.

Do not allow damage to the mucous membrane. It is also necessary to treat water with ultraviolet light to reduce the number of microbes.

Dactylogyrosis

An infected individual loses its appetite, stays near the surface, greedily swallowing the air, rubs against objects. Her gills are covered with a thick layer of mucus and resemble a mosaic. Neighboring gill filaments grow together.

The causative agent of the parasite is a fluke; it lives on gill lobes. In the aquarium gets from the reservoir, which contains fish. Infection is promoted by dense planting and weak immunity due to poor conditions. It settles mainly on carp species.

For the treatment of individuals transferred to a quarantine aquarium with the addition of blue vitriol. In the general aquarium, the larvae without fish will die during the day. When buying new individuals, quarantine is required. The aquarium is disinfected with a baking soda solution.

Gyrodactylosis

The affected individual sways and rests on the surface of the water, its fins tightly compressed. As the disease progresses, the individual begins to rub against objects. Separate bluish or gray areas appear on the body, the inter-rayus fin tissue collapses. Her eyes grow turbid, she does not take food, ulcers appear on the skin, the gills are covered with bloom.

Note: The causative agent of the parasite-flukes. Lives on fins, gills and skin. In the aquarium enters with food, multiplies rapidly. Particularly dangerous for fry.

Patients are transplanted into a quarantine tank and add copper sulphate. In the general aquarium, parasites without fish will die in 7-8 days.

For prevention, you must follow the rules of hygiene, conduct regular disinfection of the aquarium. Before planting to spawn during the day, the container is treated with a solution of sodium chloride.

Lepidortosis

At the initial stage, the affected individual sometimes scales scales. Gradually, this phenomenon spreads throughout the body. Soon the scales fall out and the fish perishes (Figure 8).

Figure 8. Symptoms of lepidortosis

Pathogens are bacteria that enter the aquarium from a reservoir where there is fish with food.

To determine the pathology you need to conduct a microscopic examination of the pustules and surrounding tissues. It is possible to cure an infected individual only at the initial stage. Conduct therapeutic baths. If the therapy does not help, then the fish are killed, and the aquarium with the equipment is disinfected.

Manca in aquarium fish: treatment

In the event of a disease, a skin lesion occurs that causes an infusorium. It penetrates the skin, then penetrates under the epithelium, where it multiplies. Enters the aquarium with food, water, soil, plants, mollusks.

A sick individual behaves restlessly, rubs against plants and soil, is constantly near the aeration filter. If you do not start treatment, the epithelium will peel off in chunks, the fish will go blind, gill capillaries may rupture (Figure 9).

Parasite enzymes have a bad effect on the body of water pets. The disease lasts two weeks. If an individual successfully suffered an illness, she becomes immune.

Figure 9. The semolina in aquarium fish

For the treatment of decoys, all individuals are transferred to another tank with a solution of biomycin or ichthyophthiricide, they increase the temperature and turn on a strong aeration, observing the behavior of fish.

Around the dorsal fin and the caudal region, the skin begins to turn white (Figure 10). The fish is located near the surface of the water, often placing the dorsal fin out of the water. The color of her pales. Without treatment, death occurs.

The causative agent is a bacterium that affects the surface of the skin, the organs of coordination and the central nervous system. It enters the aquarium with diseased fish or infected objects.

Figure 10. Symptoms of whiteness

For the treatment of individuals transferred to the aquarium with chloramphenicol. The common aquarium with plants is disinfected. For prevention, follow the rules of hygiene.

Ichthyophthyriosis or point disease, semolina aquarium fish

The causative agents are ichthyophthias - parasitic ciliates, which feed on the skin of aquatic pets. With the appearance of pathology on the body appear small dots, similar to semolina. Pets have no appetite, they rub against the ground and are afraid of everything.

Treatment begins as early as possible. To do this, add malachite green to water, as well as Fiosept, furazolidone. Patients are transplanted into a separate aquarium, where they raise the temperature of the water and carry out regular cleaning.

Non-contagious diseases

Despite the fact that non-communicable diseases do not pose a great danger because of the inability to spread rapidly, they should not be ignored.

Since in most cases these diseases provoke improper maintenance or feeding, it is necessary to revise the diet of fish, change the water or filter.

Alkaline aquarium fish disease

The main factor in the onset of alkaline disease is an increase in acidity, which can be disastrous for some species (Figure 11).

Note: The illness can be acute with a sharp change in pH, or chronically, with a gradual change in a certain period of time. Alkaline water irritates the external surface of the body.

Minerals dissolved in water increase the acidity of water, help stabilize the pH, and metabolic processes occurring in fish have an oxidizing effect that counteracts the increase in alkalinity of water.

Figure 11. Symptoms of alkaline disease

If you are transferring fish from one aquarium to another, you should remember the level of acidity, otherwise you may encounter acute alkalosis. Achieve a suitable pH level using pH buffer. To slowly adjust the pH, use a partial replacement of water for a liquid with neutral acidity.

The disease causes a blood-sucking parasite that provokes an inflammatory process in the wound, characterized by mucus secretion, redness and swelling. The fish rocks, rubs against objects (Figure 12).

The carpoed crustacean, which pierces the skin and sucks blood, emitting a poisonous secret, causes the pathology. Karpoed violates the skin cover, which leads to infection with various diseases. Karpoedy sit on fish only when they are hungry, the rest of the time they are on different objects. Small individuals may die from one bite of a carpoed.

Figure 12. Argument manifestations

For the treatment of all inhabitants transplanted to another capacity. An individual with an attached parasite is placed on a wet tampon, and the carpoed is gently removed with tweezers. This is followed by washing with potassium permanganate.

Cyst of the genital glands

Often proceeds chronically. The abdomen with liquid or semi-liquid contents increases in size due to a tumor. By starting the treatment in time, you can save the female from infertility and death.

Note: The cause of the disease is the long-term separation of males and females, as well as monotonous dry feeding.

At the initial stage of the disease, the fish is placed on wet cotton and lightly stroking the belly, so that the contents of the cyst come out through the anus.

Acidosis or acid disease

The disease is not immediately visible. The affected individual moves and swims less, begins to be afraid. Swims on the side or up belly. Gill covers convulsively compressed, their movements are slow. Coloring fades, milky spots appear. Fish die in plants, their bodies are coiled, and the gills and mouth are closed.

Pathology appears from a low score or a sharp drop in pH. If the decrease in pH was gradual, then you can increase it in two ways: change the water in the aquarium more often or add drinking water to it.

The author of the video will tell you what means you can use to prevent diseases.

Ammonia poisoning and its external signs

With insufficient care for the aquarium, a rare change of water, the absence of regular cleanings and a dense population of fish, water is contaminated with the waste products of the inhabitants.

Recognized by the disease symptoms: