Swine Disease: Symptoms and Treatment

Diseases in piglets, like any other farm animals, can be mild or serious. Some diseases of piglets are considered incurable and often lead to the death of animals. Other diseases of pigs with proper treatment go away in a few days.

In any case, all the diseases of piglets can be classified into two large groups:

The pathologies of both these varieties are capable of causing serious damage to farms.

Contagious diseases

Ailments of this particular group occur in piglets are often very difficult and lead to a reduction in the herd. The most common infectious diseases of pigs are:

A very dangerous infectious disease of such farm animals is, of course, also African swine fever.

Non-contagious diseases

Such illnesses usually do not proceed as hard as infectious. However, due to such diseases, pigs often lose significantly in productivity, and sometimes die. Non-communicable diseases can be diagnosed in animals of absolutely any breed. These diseases affect landrace piglets, Lithuanian, Duroc, etc.

Most often, pigs are diagnosed with the following pathologies of this group:

Ascariasis: economic damage

This chronic disease is caused in piglets with round worms Ascaris suum, parasitizing in the small intestine. The main reason for the development of such a disease in pigs is the failure to comply with sanitary norms in the barn. Piglets are infected with ascaris mainly through feed and water.

Economic damage to the farm, no matter how little piglets are bred in it - Durok breeds, Estonian bacon, Urzhum and others - ascariasis can cause significant. Piglets die from this disease rarely. But at the same time, consuming a large amount of feed, infected pigs are not gaining weight well. In addition, the meat of patients with ascariasis pigs is forbidden to eat. Infected by such worms, unfortunately, can including people.

Symptoms of Ascariasis

Leakage of this disease in piglets can be both acute and chronic. The symptoms of ascariasis are the same in both cases. The only thing with the chronic form of signs of infection with Ascaris suum will be less pronounced.

Ascariasis in pigs on the farm can be suspected in the presence of such symptoms:

allergic reaction of unknown origin,

increased body temperature

A sign of chronic ascariasis is also a serious loss of weight of the animal.

Preventive measures

Infected ascariasis in the household most often piglets under the age of 6 months. Perform all sorts of activities to prevent the development of such a disease, of course, necessary for pigs of all ages. However, the young in this case should be given maximum attention.

Measures for the prevention of ascariasis in farms usually take the following:

perform deworming of pigs from other farms,

twice a year they do preventive de-worming of the herd,

deworming uterus for 30 days before farrowing.

When conducting prophylactic deworming, at the same time, the treatment of the pigsty with insecticides is also performed.

Treatment of the disease

Ascariasis that has already developed in pigs in farms is usually fought with the use of modern antiparasitic drugs. To the piglets of the Duroc, Kalininsky, Breitovsky, Vietnamese breeds, etc., with this disease they usually give:

"Piperazin salt". This drug is given to pigs twice a day with food. The course of treatment is 1 day.

"Fenbendazol." This medicine is also added to piglets in feed. A dosage of 10 mg / kg is used. The course of treatment in this case is 1 day.

Such drugs are used for deworming at once of the whole herd. It is of course absolutely useless to give antiparasitic drugs to only one animal in this case.

Trichinosis: source of infection

This disease also belongs to the group of helminth infections. It is called a special type of nematode - Trichinella spiralis - and is dangerous also for humans. Pigs can become infected with such worms through feed, from sick piglets, etc.

There is an infection of landrace piglets, large white, North Caucasian and other trichinosis under the same conditions as ascariasis. This disease can manifest itself in two forms - muscular and intestinal.

What to do?

It is possible to prevent the development of this disease in pigs by observing sanitary standards on the farm, quarantining newly purchased pigs, thermal processing of feed, etc. Trichinosis is a disease from which treatment, unfortunately, has not been developed. But it is still believed that Tiabendazole, Mebendazole, Albendazole can help the piglets from this disease.

Causes of dysentery

This disease is a type of contagious and usually occurs in pigs in a very acute form. In another way, this disease is called piggy typhus, black diarrhea, etc.

The causative agent of dysentery is the bacterium Treponema hyodysenteriae. The main reason for the development of this disease becomes non-compliance with sanitary standards in the pig houses. Also, dysentery infection contributes to poor feeding, which often results in weakening of the immunity of animals.

Symptoms of dysentery

This infectious disease is considered to be one of the most dangerous for pigs. Mortality of suckling and newborn piglets from dysentery, for example, is 100%. The temperature of pigs infected with Treponema hyodysenteriae, as with many other infectious diseases, does not rise. Animals with such ailment and appetite do not lose.

The main sign by which this disease can be identified is loose stools in piglets. Diarrhea in pigs usually occurs 1-3 days after ingestion of the causative agent of dysentery. Feces from sick animals first become watery, and then become brown and fetid.

In addition, the symptoms of dysentery in pigs are:

lack of coordination of movements.

Prevention of dysentery

Measures to prevent the development of this disease, since it causes farms to be truly enormous damage, should, of course, be mandatory. Preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of dysentery and diarrhea in piglets are usually carried out the following:

quarantine piglets brought from other farms for 30 days,

preventive disinfection of farms,

treatment of pig skin with an alkaline solution of formaldehyde.

The danger of dysentery is, among other things, the fact that pigs with this disease practically do not develop immunity. Very often this disease in piglets is repeated. Not developed and vaccines for this disease.

African swine fever: causes

This terrible disease can be tolerated (mechanically) by rodents, cats, dogs, birds. Of course, pigs can get infected from sick pigs. Carriers of this disease and insects - mites, gadflies, fleas, etc.

Ailment is, unfortunately, very dangerous. For example, in the Novgorod region, African swine fever only in the summer of 2018 killed about 37 thousand animals, causing enormous damage to farms. This virus has spread in Russia since 2007.

Symptoms of African Plague

Very often, this disease, unfortunately, is asymptomatic. The animal just suddenly perishes. Thus manifests fulminant form of the disease. In acute plague in piglets, the following symptoms are noticeable:

sudden rise in temperature

white offensive discharge from the ears, eyes and nose,

paralysis of the hind limbs,

When the disease becomes chronic, pigs have the following symptoms:

slight cough and fever,

ulcers and sores on the skin

What to do to prevent development

Of course, so that African swine fever in the Novgorod region, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and any other throughout Russia does not cause damage to the economy, farms should be taken against it all sorts of preventive measures.

The treatment of this disease today, unfortunately, has not been developed. The farmer can only try to prevent its development in piglets. Prevention measures against African swine fever include:

purchasing animals with only a veterinary certificate,

regular disinfection of pigsties.

How to identify: signs

In the lightning form of this disease, piglets die quickly and without symptoms. The next morning, the hosts simply discover the corpse of the animal. But most often the edema in piglets is still acute. In this case, it can be determined by the following symptoms:

a sharp increase in body temperature

inadequate response to loud noises (irritation, seizures).

Ultimately, asphyxia develops in the pig, as a result of which he dies.

In chronic form, edema develops mainly in adult pigs. It manifests itself in this case, lack of appetite, general depression.

Treatment of Edema

For the prevention of the spread of disease all piglets with visible symptoms immediately after their detection are transferred to a separate room. At the same time, infected animals are prescribed a diet for 10-12 hours. At the same time, pigs are given a laxative.

In order to reduce intoxication in case of edema, piglets are offered sulfate magnesia. At the same time, they constantly make sure that the animals always have enough water in the drinkers.

Swine erysipelas

This disease in piglets is caused by the bacterium Erisipelotrix insidiosis. Its main carriers are infected pigs, birds and rodents. Flies that mechanically spread this bacterium can also infect pigs. Usually pigs get sick with erysipelas at the age of 3-12 months. In this case, this disease develops most often in summer, spring or autumn. In winter, pig pigs do not get sick. This disease does not develop in newborn piglets, who are immunized from their mother with milk.

The causes of infection in this case, as in most others, are non-compliance with sanitary standards, poor animal welfare conditions, an unbalanced diet. Very often, the causes of an outbreak are:

fever in the pigsty,

abrupt change in feeding mode.

Swine Erysipelas: Symptoms and Treatment

The acute form of this disease in pigs is characterized by the following symptoms:

a sudden rise in temperature

rejection of feed.

Pigs with sharp mug refuse to move, burrow into the litter, breathe heavily. In this case, their skin becomes bluish in color. In the next stage, the disease becomes subacute. At the same time on the body of the pig appear initially colorless, and then dark swelling. When transitioning to the chronic form, the piglets develop skin necrosis in the erysipelas.

Measures to save animals from this disease should be taken, of course, immediately after its symptoms are detected. The treatment of swine erysipelas and its prevention involves, above all, the creation of good housing conditions for the pigs. Also against this disease in pig farms are periodically vaccinated. It uses a special serum in combination with penicillin antibiotics.

Inoculations are given to piglets from erysipelas on farms at the age of 2 months. The vaccine is administered to animals twice with an interval of 14 days. Repeat the procedure in the next 6 months.

Sick pigs in farms are treated with antibiotics, as well as give them antipyretic drugs and drugs that promote the removal of toxins from the body.

Pasteurellosis

This disease in pigs is often diagnosed simultaneously with erysipelas. Pasteurellosis in piglets is characterized primarily by blood infection by pathogenic microorganisms, as well as inflammation of the intestine and upper respiratory tract. The causative agent of this disease is the stick Pasteurella multicida.

The reasons for the development of this disease are usually high humidity in the pigsty, hypothermia, crowding. Also contributing to the outbreak of the epidemic in the herd may be defective feeding.

What are the symptoms

Pasteurellosis is a dangerous enough disease requiring immediate treatment for piglets. And the symptoms in any case, of course, every farmer should know. To determine this disease in pigs can be the following features:

a sharp rise in temperature

general depression.

When the disease becomes chronic, pigs develop the following symptoms:

eczema of the skin.

Sick pigs in the chronic stage, among other things, begin to lose weight rapidly.

Treatment and prevention of pasteurellosis

In order to prevent the development of this disease in pigs, vaccines are periodically carried out on farms. Also regularly carry out disinfection of premises. Treatment of pasteurellosis is quite effective when using antibiotics. Pigs on the farm can be given, for example, "Tetracycline", "Levomycetin", "Terramycin", etc.

Gastroenteritis in pigs: causes

In this disease, the pigs inflame the stomach and intestines. At the same time, pathological processes are observed at once in all three layers of the walls of these organs.

This non-communicable disease develops in piglets, usually due to disturbances in the nursing technology. The health of the piglets of Vietnamese, Lithuanian whites, dyurokov, etc., their health and developmental characteristics depend directly on. Pigs can get gastroenteritis, for example, if they are offered low-quality, moldy, stale food. Also, this disease is often diagnosed in animals due to poisonous herbs and all sorts of irritating drugs. In small piglets, this disease often develops due to the abrupt transition to milk-free feeding.

Sometimes this problem occurs in pigs due to stressful situations. Gastroenteritis in piglets can be diagnosed, for example, after transportation, hypothermia, overheating, etc.

The main symptoms of the disease

A sign of the development of gastroenteritis in piglets is primarily a violation of the digestive tract and intestines. The main symptoms of this disease are:

When diagnosing gastroenteritis in pigs in the first place, of course, the cause of its occurrence should be eliminated. That is, low-quality feed should be removed from pig feeders, excluding the possibility of their eating poisonous grass, etc.

In fact, for the treatment of sick piglets, they are kept on a starvation diet for 12-24 hours. Next, the animals are transferred to a special light diet. At the same time, pigs are given hay flour, meadow herbs, oatmeal talkers, carrots.

Of the drugs in gastroenteritis, the piglets are well helped by saline laxatives, solutions of sodium chloride with glucose and gastric juice. In severe cases, the glucose-saline solution may also be administered intravenously or intraperitoneally to animals.

Peptic ulcer

In this disease in pigs there is a defective defeat of the mucous and underlying tissues of the stomach. The causes of peptic ulcer disease in piglets can be:

long-term feeding with dry or overly chopped feed,

some types of helminthiasis.

In some cases, the pig ulcer may be perforated.

Symptomatology

At the moment, according to statistics, on farms, gastric ulcer develops in 5% of sows and about 60% of piglets in rearing. That is, this disease can be considered very common.

Unfortunately, it is usually very difficult to determine peptic ulcer disease in pigs. The symptoms of this affliction are not specific. Usually, if there is such a problem, the piglet has:

Often the sick pig begins to vomit with blood. Blood is also detected in the feces of an unhealthy animal. In case of perforated ulcers in the pig, inflammation of the peritoneum can also be observed.

How to carry out the treatment

Pigs with peptic ulcer disease, of course, are supposed to give only the highest quality feed. To alleviate the condition of such an animal can, offering him raw eggs, jelly, oat broths, broths. Also give pigs with peptic ulcer:

In addition to everything else, piglets of iron and multivitamins are given weekly to sick piglets.

For the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer it is of great importance what Vietnamese, Duroc, large whites and any other piglets are fed. Diet for sick pigs is developed in such a way that they get enough protein, fiber and vitamin E. They also ensure that the piglet’s menu does not include too many feeds containing poorly digestible fats. Very suitable for such animals, among other things, a diet based on whey and milk.

Pig disease symptoms

The main symptoms of swine disease are changes in the condition or behavior of the animal:

• The appearance of gastric disorders.
• Drowsiness, anxiety, or, conversely, inactivity.
• Reduced sucking reflex and appetite in piglets.
• Changes in the state of the integument of the skin (damage, color, dryness).
• Decrease or increase in body temperature.
• Появление на коже пятен или сыпи.
• Изменения работы нервной системы: нарушение координации движения, судороги.
• Вздутие живота.

Увеличение температуры у свиней отмечается при многих болезнях. In adults, the normal temperature is 38-39C, in piglets - 39-40C. Signs of its increase are as follows:

• the animal tries to dig under the litter,
• hot ears
• refusal to eat.

During the presence of these symptoms, it is necessary to measure the temperature and arrange for the animal to drink plenty of water. Temperature can be measured rectally with a conventional electronic thermometer. When she is 1-1.5C above normal, nothing needs to be done to reduce it, and immediately contact a veterinarian.

Pig diseases

Diseases in pigs can be divided as follows:

We must not forget that certain diseases of pigs threaten human health, for example, scabies, erysipelas. Balantidiasis, brucellosis and leptospirosis are especially terrible for humans.

Pigs are quite sensitive to an increase in ambient temperature. You need to know what to do, if there was a heat stroke.

The animal needs to be cooled. For what his chest and head watered with cold water. To reduce the temperature, pigs can be given an enema with water at room temperature.

Animals may be noted. disorders of the digestive system from eating substandard food. During diarrhea, the pig must be limited in food, you can give tannin (1-2 grams) or water broth oak bark (1:10 in the amount of 60-70 ml). During constipation - excessive drinking and laxatives. When swelling you need to massage the abdomen, reduce the diet, eliminate all foods that cause the processes of fermentation. However, these phenomena often speak of a disease. Therefore, it is desirable to consult a veterinarian.

Poisoning

Main cause of poisoning There may be salt, spoiled food, drugs, toxic chemicals, poisonous herbs. Sick pigs stop eating, they experience vomiting, diarrhea, and in some cases pink spots. As a rule, body temperature drops to 36 ° C, but it may increase. In some cases, marked cyanosis of the lower abdomen and ears.

Salt poisoning is considered the most dangerous: it often ends in the death of an animal. During salt poisoning the pig drinks a large amount of water, frequent urination and vomiting begin. The animal becomes agitated, begins to move aimlessly, bumping into obstacles. Epileptic seizures are common.

Determine the fact of poisoning and prescribe treatment can only the vet. At the initial stages, the stomach is washed through a probe, and then milk, mucous broth is introduced, and laxatives are given. To maintain the tone, if necessary, caffeinated glucose is added.

Bronchopneumonia

All age groups are affected by this disease, but most of all - young. Animals lie a lot, apathetic. The piglet has an increase in temperature, heavy breathing, coughing, discharge from the nose, thirst.

With adequate and timely treatment, recovery occurs within 7-10 days. With a complicated passage of the disease, the prognosis is disappointing. Used for the treatment of vitamin complex, expectorant drugs, antibiotics.

Infectious diseases

Here are some swine diseases.that result from the action of pathogens:

• Teschen's disease
• plague,
• erysipelas,
• brucellosis,
• dysentery,
• foot and mouth disease,
• pasteurellosis,
• edema disease
• Aujeske's disease
• smallpox.

The most dangerous disease that cannot be treated is the plague. Red spots appear on the animal, the eyes turn red and inflamed, the ears become bright red. The illness ends with paralysis and death of the pig. Sick animals are slaughtered, their carcasses are burned. Quarantine on the surrounding area.

Enzootic encephalomyelitis

This Teschen disease. The disease affects the nervous system of the pig, from which its other names - pig paralysis, swine polio. Animals can get sick at any age.

The disease manifests with convulsions and falling of the pig to one side, hypersensitivity in the back area, loss of appetite. In some cases, it is accompanied by vomiting. The animal dies from paralysis. The treatment is not made: the pig is slaughtered with further disinfection of the pigsty.

Erysipelas is cause bacterial bacillus, which Pasteur discovered in 1882. The disease has an incubation period of 1-2 hours to a week. Animals are sick at any age from three months. Symptoms are:

• the formation of dark red compacted spots of regular shape,
• redness of the skin,
• temperature increase.

A high percentage of death is observed with lightning passing of the disease. If we do not start treatment in time, then the animal cannot be saved. Special serum and antibiotics are prescribed for treatment. Also used antihistamine and vitamin preparations.

Vesicular disease

The main pathogen is enterovirus. The disease is curable, but it is often confused with foot and mouth disease. Symptoms of the disease - vesicles (white bubbles) on the patch, ears, udder, limbs. In their place appear ulcers. The temperature sometimes rises to 42C. There is no specific treatment. The on-site doctor determines how you can be helped in each specific case. To reduce the temperature used intramuscularly "Analgin" or antibiotics.

Parasitic diseases

They are called simple organisms, arthropod insects and worms. Infection happens through the digestive system, direct contact and insect bites.

Worm invasion is the cause of diseases that have a common name - helminthiasis. Their signs can be exhaustion, diarrhea, vomiting, seizures are likely. Most worms can cause severe complications.

Helminthiasis is especially dangerous for youngIn some cases, it is fatal. Their treatment is made by anthelmintic drugs that are administered through the mouth or intramuscularly. In order to prevent animals of any age, it is necessary to give antihelmintic drugs every three months.

• Ascariasis. Through the bloodstream, roundworms easily pass throughout the body, entering various tissues and organs, and respiratory organs as well. The main symptom of infection is cough, which the pulmonary parasite causes.
• Trichinosis. The main reason is the trichinella nematode. The main symptoms are impaired cardiac activity, swelling in the head, muscle pain.
• Cysticercosis. As a rule, the larvae of bovine tapeworm (cysticercus) are located in the brain, causing epilepsy and edema. Penetrating into the heart, they lead to the death of the animal. In the list of a large number of swine diseases, signs and treatment of cysticercosis have not yet been fully identified. It is possible to diagnose the disease after the death of the pig.

Tick ​​diseases

Ticks damage the skin, causing itching, allergic reactions, poisoning the body with products of their vital activity. Scratches on the skin lead to the appearance of wounds that become infected. Then boils and ulcers appear.

Acarosis or scabies - This is a fairly contagious disease, which is caused by scabies itching of any kind. An itch begins to appear, the animal on the body leaves scratching. The sick animal is depleted, with time the bristles fall out.

During sarcoptosis, the skin on the tail, limbs, sacrum and head is usually affected. Bubbles form. Bursting, they go into wounds covered with crusts.

The treatment is made systemic and local (spraying with special solutions, emulsions, ointments). Before starting treatment for laboratory analysis, a scraping is taken from the skin.

Edema disease

The main causative agent of the disease - E. coli. As a rule, sick piglets are sick. For the appearance of puffiness, an excessive amount of protein foods (wheat, corn) is a favorable condition. Mostly swelling of the eyelids and head. During edema of the brain in piglets, the temperature rises to 41C, nervous disorders are observed, which are accompanied by erratic movements, muscular weakness, convulsions with further paralysis.

Above the acute form of the disease passes over several hours and ends with 100% death of the animal. In the acute stage, death from asphyxia occurs in 85% of cases.

Hypoglycemia

Juveniles may become ill during the first two days after birth, due to a sharp decline in blood sugar levels. Main reasons: hypothermia suckers, lack of colostrum, when litter was large, as well as unbalanced nutrition sows.

Initially, the sick piglets are restless, after they become drowsy, the body temperature decreases, at the ends of the limbs cyanosis appears, and the entire skin becomes pale. The subsequent development of the disease causes a coma, a new increase in temperature, convulsions, then the pig dies.

For treatment use injections of thiamine and insulin preparations, watering with an aqueous sweet solution, and also injections of glucose. Prevention of the disease requires proper maintenance of piglets and a balanced diet of the sow before and after delivery.

Alimentary anemia

Piglets described this disease for the first time at the beginning of the 20th century by scientist V. Brush from Germany. Most common disease suckling pigs are prone. The disease appears due to the fact that there is not enough iron in the sow's milk. Anemia is expressed by pale skin, bristles fade, whiten ears. Piglets become slow-moving and lethargic, lose the sucking reflex.

Treatment of the disease is almost ineffective, but it can be easily prevented. Why do we need to establish a full sow ration. At 3-4 days after farrowing, piglets are inevitably injected with drugs that contain iron, vitamins and other required beneficial substances.

In piglets, already weaned from the sow, may appear rickets as a result of lack of vitamins A and D, phosphorus, calcium in the body. In animals, a perverted appetite begins to appear: they eat manure, bedding, lick the feeder, inedible objects. Piglets difficult to walk. In addition, there are slow growth, bloating, indigestion.

Rickets is a chronic diseaseand, accordingly, it is easier to prevent than to treat it. What are important sunbathing, balanced nutrition. In winter, vitamin D should be added to the feed.

Gastroenteritis and dyspepsia

Young animals require a lot of attention, especially with regard to the diet. Feed must be rich in vitamins A and B, as well as high-quality. Diarrhea, lethargy, pallor of mucous membranes, vomiting are typical symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases. Fecal masses in the composition have impurities of blood and mucus, a characteristic unpleasant odor. During drug treatment, diet is important: a light diet is needed, which contains flour talkers and cereals.

Furunculosis

The main causative agent is staphylococcus. The cause of the disease is the weakening of the body of a small piglet and insufficient care. Affected areas are treated with green paint, alcohol, and ichthyol ointment is used. Boils should be opened by a veterinarian, then antibiotics are used.

In order for the pigs to give good growth and be healthy, any veterinarian will recommend to monitor the livestock carefully, to ensure timely prevention, balanced nutrition and proper care. And in case of suspicion of the disease, do not self-treat, but seek immediate medical attention.

Vesicular exanthema

It is an infectious disease that occurs in an acute form and is accompanied by fever, a large number of vesicular-type lesions.

Causes of occurrence. Caused by a virus that is detected in blood tests, as well as in internal organs. The virus contains skin cells and vesicular fluid.

Symptoms The latent period can proceed from 12 hours to 14 days.

• at the beginning of the disease there is fever, general weakness of the animal, increased salivation,
• initially a rash appears on the mucous membrane of the mouth, the heel, it is filled with serous fluid,
• the temperature rises above the norm by several degrees.

Gradually sprinkled places will be covered with a yellow fibrous crust, and the temperature of the animal will decrease. This stage is called primary.

The secondary phase is characterized by rashes between the fingers and on the claw in the area of ​​the corolla. In pigs, there is lameness, rejection of feed. In pregnant sows, stillbirth is observed. After a few weeks the animals recover. If the disease passes with complications, purulent inflammations occur and the horn shoe falls off.

Studies of pathologists. Observed coating of the mucous membranes of small bruises as a result of hemorrhages, degenerative processes in organs with parenchymal structure.

Treatment. A sick youngster is given a talker, plentiful drinking is prescribed, and the amount of litter is increased. In order to prevent a more serious condition, antibacterial drugs are prescribed for a course of treatment.

Control measures. As soon as a disease appears, all affected animals must be killed. Meat products can be used for the production of sausage or canned food. The room from under the animals and the downhole workshop is treated with an alkaline solution of 2%.

Prevention measures. Strictly comply with the norms prescribed by veterinarians, which must be performed when keeping animals, control the feeding of pigs.

Enzootic pneumonia

This disease is characterized by a chronic form, affects the respiratory system.

Causes: M. suipheumoniae, M.hyopeumoniae - this virus causes the disease, most often young animals up to 30 days of age are affected. The infection is resistant to some antibiotics, stays inside the animal for a long time.

Symptoms The latent period lasts from 10 to 16 days, and signs appear in piglets for 21-30 days of life. The main feature can be attributed to the presence of dry cough, the temperature rises more than 41 degrees. Despite the fact that youngsters eat well, the pigs do not gain weight. For older animals, coughing is common, frequent or rare. After a few weeks, the cough almost disappears, healthy pigs completely get rid of it. With favorable prognosis, animals recover after 30–60 days.

Treatment. There is no special treatment. To relieve the disease give large doses of tetracycline and oxytetracycline every day.

Prevention measures. Severe disease - a prescription for the obligatory slaughter of pigs. On the livestock complex organize walking activities. Breeder provides pigs with daily walking.

Gastroenteritis viral

Illness proitekaet acute. Animals vomit, there are abundant diarrhea, dehydration, a large waste of young animals.

Causes of occurrence. The causative agent is RNA containing a coronavirus. The virus has a high sensitivity to ultraviolet rays and light, under their influence quickly dies, also does not tolerate high temperatures. Morozov is not afraid, and can retain their properties for at least 2.5 years.

Symptoms The incubation period in young animals can last from several hours to 4 days, in adult animals - up to 7 days.

• persistent diarrhea,
• constant thirst
• temperature jumps from high to normal.

After 3-5 days, most of the diseased livestock die.

Symptoms of adult animals:

• slight increase in temperature
• the presence of diarrhea and reduced appetite.

In most cases, adult pigs recover, some may experience disease progression, accompanied by vomiting and increased diarrhea. Even in cases with complications, the death of an adult herd is not more than 20%, all others safely recover.

Diagnostics. To properly diagnose a disease, you need to contact your veterinarian. Diagnosis is made by symptoms and epizootological indicators.

Treatment. There is no special treatment, it depends on the symptoms.

Prevention measures. Mandatory staging in the quarantine room of new animals arrived at the farm. Livestock contain, respecting sanitary and veterinary conditions.

Parasitic diseases

This group includes diseases caused by parasites that have entered the body of animals that have a tendency to spread rapidly among animals. Usually such diseases are treatable.

Causes of occurrence. Worm disease caused by ascaris, settled in the intestines of a pig. In the role of a source of infection may be feces of sick individuals, accidentally caught in the trough or drinking bowl.

Symptoms Inflammatory processes in the respiratory organs, coughing with attacks, shortness of breath, animal vomiting, fever, are characteristic of infected animals. The pig begins to lag behind in development.

Treatment methods. Drugs against helminths.

Prevention measures. The norms of maintenance prescribed by veterinarians, regular antihelminthic measures, keeping animals clean are observed. Piglets should be kept separate from the adult herd.

Signs of illness in a pig

Any serious illness always manifests itself. If an animal is unwell, it can be seen by its behavior and various symptoms. Consider the common signs of indisposition in pigs:

1. Depression, lethargy. In some cases, the animal is anxious.
2. Свинья зарывается в подстилку.
3. Расстройство стула. Многие болезни вызывают диарею. Стул при этом может содержать слизь, примеси крови. Иногда кал меняет цвет на зеленоватый.
4. Skin condition A sign of the disease is the appearance of spots, bumps, abscesses on the skin of an animal. Sometimes even dryness and pallor of the skin indicates a deterioration in the condition of the pig.
5. Loss of appetite.
6. Cough.
7. Discharge from the nose, eyes.
8. Nervous manifestations - convulsions, drooping of the head, disorientation.
9. Rapid breathing.
10. Hot ears
11. Redness, blue mucous membranes.

Noticing some of the symptoms of the animal, it is necessary to immediately measure the temperature. It is better to use an electronic thermometer for this. After smearing the tip of the device with petroleum jelly, it is introduced into the anus for 2 minutes.

Normal temperature in pigs older than a year is 38–38.7 degrees. In piglets and individuals up to a year - 39–39.5 degrees.

Attention! If a pig or a pig has a high temperature, the individual should be immediately transplanted into an isolator so that other animals do not become infected, and then invite a veterinarian.

Avitaminosis

Lack of vitamins in the body can lead to serious health problems. For example, when there is a shortage of vitamins D and A, as well as trace elements phosphorus and calcium, diseases such as rickets and dystrophy develop, in which the bone system of animals suffers. With iron deficiency, piglets develop anemia. It is important to try to diversify the livestock diet to avoid such problems. Treatment of avitaminosis involves replenishing the deficiency of vitamins and trace elements with the help of injections.

Esophagus occlusion

This disease occurs when a foreign body is ingested into the esophagus. Detect the problem can be on the behavior of the pig:

• she worries
• pulls his head forward, trying to burp the subject,
• refuses to eat and drink.

Pig esophagus occlusion

In this case, you need to try to remove the foreign body from the esophagus or push it into the stomach with a probe.

Inflammation of the oral mucosa occurs due to mechanical damage to the palate or lips during eating. If the animal's immunity is weakened, an infection will penetrate into the wound, which will gradually spread to the entire oral cavity. Symptoms of the disease are:

• salivation,
• smack in the process of eating,
• poor appetite
• unpleasant smell from the mouth,
• ulcers in the mouth.

The treatment includes the treatment of the oral cavity of the animal with disinfectants - Furacilin, potassium permanganate, and Streptocide powder.

Other non-communicable diseases of pigs:

• gastroenteritis,
• dyspepsia,
• catarrh of the stomach,
• bronchopneumonia.

Cysticercosis

Causes of occurrence. Causes tapeworm - cysticercus. The parasite can be spread by a carnivore, releasing the parasite along with feces. Pigs get worms by eating sick rodents, eating feces infected with feces, or eating infected water.

Symptoms The disease goes unnoticed, without symptoms. With a high degree of infection can be observed: in animals breathing becomes shallow, there are signs of anemia, the presence of edema, seizures. If large numbers of parasites are formed in the heart area, the animal may die.

Methods of treatment and prevention. There is no special treatment. To prevent the disease, preventive measures are taken, including:

• compliance with sanitary and veterinary regulations,
• good feed
• carrying out planned disinfection measures,
• extermination of small rodents (rats, mice) in the premises of the pigsty.

Groups of diseases, common signs of a sick pig

Diseases of pigs are divided into several groups:

• non-infectious,
• infectious (infectious),
• parasitic.

Of course, infectious, viral diseases pose the greatest danger to the livestock of pigs. In the pigsty animals are in close contact, which contributes to the rapid spread of viruses throughout the herd. But non-communicable diseases are not harmless. Often the sick pig has to be slaughtered and the meat thrown away, which causes damage to the farm. Diseases of pigs of the third group are caused by parasites that have settled in the body. It can be worms, roundworms, tapeworms. Penetrate through contaminated feed, the main carrier are rodents. Parasitic diseases respond well to treatment.

It is more profitable to prevent and prevent disease, clearly following the rules of animal welfare and sanitary standards. Primary requirements:

1. Quality feed. In feed mixtures, there should be no spoiled, rotten or frozen food.
2. To do prophylactic vaccinations, to examine the animals by a veterinarian.
3. Regularly clean the pigsty and feed tanks, change bedding in a timely manner.
4. Watch for animals, at the slightest suspicion of disease, isolate a pig or a pig.

Suspected the presence of disease in pigs can be obvious signs of lethargy. The animal becomes inactive, refuses to feed and drink. There is an increased temperature, with a thermometer it measures the vet. And before his arrival, you can feel the patch, ears and feet of the animal. They must have the same temperature.

Non-contagious diseases

The main cause of non-communicable diseases is dirty, poor-quality food and unsanitary conditions in the room where pigs are kept. The main ones are:

• Diarrhea. May be non-hazardous if associated with food habits - stale food, too liquid. During treatment, it is advisable to minimize the amount of feed. Drink decoction of flax or rice.

Attention! Swine diarrhea can be a signal of viral disease.

• Constipation. Occurs with unbalanced nutrition, an excess of solid feed. It is important to observe the feeding regime and change the feed. Treatment includes the use of medications for very heavy drinking. If constipation is accompanied by fever and the animal becomes weaker, it can be a sign of a more serious illness.

• Bloating. Suspicion of the disease arises if the pig quickly and disproportionately to its size has increased the stomach. As a rule, bloating appears from overeating or poor feed. To solve the problem, the pig can be put on a diet for some time, reducing the amount of feed. Additionally, you can give medication on the advice of a veterinarian.

Infectious diseases of pigs very quickly spread to their relatives. Without taking action you can lose the whole herd. The most dangerous and rapidly spreading infections include:

Plague is accompanied by chills, may manifest itself as inflammation of the lungs or intestines. It progresses rapidly, three days after infection, the pig dies. The temperature rises strongly, the animal refuses to eat, vomiting may occur. During the plague, the circulatory system suffers, so the main symptom is the appearance on the body of a large number of lilac-red spots. Basically, they appear on the ears and abdomen. Pigs infected with plague are burned. After the discovery of the plague, the entire farm is closed for a 40-day quarantine and disinfected as prescribed by the veterinary authorities. Piglets are vaccinated.

Influenza is also classified as an acute infection. Accompanied by severe chills, fever, lethargy. Ears and tail get a "bluish" color. On the second day there is a cough, sneezing, at this time there is a special risk of infection of the relatives. Swine flu is fraught with complications - pneumonia, arthritis and even meningitis. With the treatment of symptoms, about half of the infected pigs survive.

Gastroenteritis is a disease that progresses rapidly. Pigs develop severe diarrhea, vomiting, and reduced or no appetite. The temperature rises slightly. The disease is treated symptomatically, most of the cases recover, about 20 percent die.

What are sick piglets

Piglets are most susceptible to disease in the first days of their lives. But in the first months there is a big risk of getting sick. The main illnesses include:

• gastroenteritis,
• erysipelas,
• swine flu,
• pneumonia caused by viruses
• hypoglycemia,
• furunculosis.

Gastroenteritis. Infection occurs very quickly, from several hours. Unlike adult pigs, the signs in piglets are pronounced: severe diarrhea, thirst, fever with a sharp decrease. For 3-5 days, most of the patients die. Treated symptomatically.

Erysipelas Contagious disease, affects youngsters at the age of 3-12 months. Pigs are in a fever, they are trying to bury themselves in the litter. They refuse to eat and drink, they are very diarrhea. Of the pronounced signs - purple-red spots on the body, often on the abdomen. The disease is not treated in all cases, the young population at the first signs of the disease need to be isolated and treated with medicines.

Furunculosis. The appearance of boils in piglets may indicate poor conditions and weakness of the body. Furunculosis is caused by staphylococcus viruses. Ulcers are treated surgically, they are opened, they are treated with antiseptic preparations, and the piglets must be given a drink to take a course of antibiotics.

In order not to lose livestock from diseases of pigs, many of which are difficult to treat, it is necessary to prevent them as much as possible. First of all, ensure cleanliness in the pigsty, high-quality food and know the main symptoms and treatment of ailments.

Aujeszky's disease (false rabies)

This disease causes a DNA virus belonging to the genus of herpes viruses. The incubation period lasts up to 3 weeks. The disease develops rapidly: animals die within 12 hours after symptoms are noted.

Aujeszky's disease in pigs

In adults, signs of infection are:

• foam from the mouth,
• neck curvature
• convulsions
• depression or intense arousal
• pigs take a seated dog pose
• temperature rises to 42 degrees.

Attention! The piglets have no visible signs of illness, they die suddenly.

Effective treatment of Aujeszky's disease has not been developed. For the prevention of vaccine used livestock.

Dysentery

It is an intestinal swine disease caused by an anaerobic spirochete. Transmitted by alimentary. Symptoms appear after the incubation period, which can last from 2 to 28 days. Symptoms of dysentery:

1. Lack of appetite.
2. Temperature rise.
3. Diarrhea with blood, pus, mucus. In the fecal masses pieces of the intestinal mucosa are found. Diarrhea does not develop immediately, about 4-5 days after the first manifestations of the disease.

Dysentery treatment is carried out with the help of antibiotics and sulfa drugs.

Erysipelas

The disease is caused by highly virulent bacteria, its transmission path is mainly alimentary. The source of infection are sick animals and carriers of bacteria, as well as the corpses of dead pigs, manure and waste from slaughterhouses.

Symptoms of erysipelas vary depending on the form and course of the disease:

The fulminant form is extremely rare - in piglets with a weakened immune system, which are kept in poor conditions. The acute form is characterized by an increase in temperature up to 42 degrees, diarrhea, which alternates with constipation, is vomiting. With such a course of erysipelas, the work of the heart is disturbed, so shortness of breath occurs and blue skin is observed in the abdominal region, neck. Already on the second day after the first symptoms of erysipelas appear on the skin, characteristic red-pink spots appear.

Attention! It is important to start treatment immediately, otherwise death will occur in 3-5 days.

In individuals with strong immunity, the disease is easier, in the form of urticaria (subacute), and passes in 10-12 days. Consider the symptoms characteristic of the subacute form of erysipelas:

• strong thirst
• body temperature of about 41 degrees
• bulging spots of unusual configurations appear on the skin - a rhombus, a triangle.

Lack of treatment for the subacute form of erysipelas can lead to the chronic form of the disease, which is characterized by skin necrosis, damage to the joints, and endocarditis.

For the treatment of erysipelas, broad-spectrum antibiotics, heart regimens, antihistamines, antipyretic drugs, and vitamin-mineral complexes are used to strengthen the immune system.

Trichinosis

The causative agent of trichinosis is a small nematode Trichinella. It enters the body of pigs when eating meat feed, which contains the larvae, dressed in capsules. When penetrating the stomach, the protective sheath collapses. From it comes the larva. In less than 2 days, she is capable of fertilization. Males then die, and females give birth to live larvae. They penetrate into the muscle fibers of the animal, grow there and encapsulate, coiled into a spiral. Females that produce offspring die after 2 months and are eliminated from the body with feces.

• loss of appetite,
• allergic reactions (in the form of a skin rash),
• swelling and muscle inflammation
• temperature rise.

The treatment is carried out with the drug Mebendazole (Vermox). In some cases, it is advisable to use injections of glucocorticosteroids to relieve swelling and inflammation in the muscles.

Tick ​​Disease

Various types of ticks cause swine skin diseases. Consider the 3 common ailments:

The symptoms of the first two diseases are similar, despite the fact that they are caused by different types of ticks, which penetrate the epidermis and multiply there:

• papules, nodules appear on the skin,
• the animal is worried about the itch
• there are combs in the head, ears, and also throughout the body,
• over time, the skin becomes covered with crusts.

The third disease, demodicosis, differs from the two aforementioned ones in that pathogens parasitize in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Ticks destroy them, which is why animal bristles start to fall out, and thickening and compaction of a yellowish tinge form on the surface of the skin.

Attention! All tick-borne diseases are contagious and dangerous, as they can be complicated by a bacterial infection.

Treatment includes the use of drugs in the form of sprays and ointments against ticks - Butox, Dikrezil, Neostomian. Good results are achieved after the injection of Ivermek intramuscularly.

Edema disease

Mortality from this disease, if it is acute, reaches 100%. It is caused by E. coli. At risk of piglets taken away from the mother. The food rich in protein favors the development of the disease.

• swelling of the eyelids and head,
• convulsions
• temperature rise,
• rapid breathing
• cyanosis of the nose and ears.

Treatment is effective if started at the first sign of illness. Therapy of listeriosis is performed using cephalosporin antibiotics, sulfa drugs, antihistamines.