In the article I will talk about antibiotics for dogs. I will explain in what cases are used, which have side effects and contraindications. I will give the rules of use: taking pills and injections, advantages and disadvantages, types of antibacterial agents.
Antibiotics (with the Greek. Anti-anti, bios - life) - substances that inhibit the growth of living cells and have a detrimental effect on them.
A wide range of antibiotics
Antibiotics are antibacterial drugs, therefore, are used to treat a bacterial infection. Appointed only in the case when the recovery of the pet is impossible without this therapy.
May be administered only in the case of secondary infection by bacteria.
Appointed in the following cases:
- ulcers, in the form of open wounds and subcutaneous inflammatory formations (ointments and gels),
- pneumonia (injections),
- otitis (ear drops, in severe forms of tablets),
- cystitis (injections and tablets),
- mastitis and endometritis (injection),
- eye diseases of bacterial origin (drops).
Universal antibiotics are effective against most types of gram-positive viruses, bacteria
Advantages and disadvantages of tablets
Antibacterial drugs are indispensable in the treatment of serious diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, otitis, tonsillitis, endometritis, mastitis, etc.
They have no effect on healthy organs and tissues.
Disadvantages of use are manifested in the resistance of bacteria to them with frequent use of the funds of one group.
Only then will they be truly effective, and will not find flaws.
Types of antibacterial agents for dogs
Antibacterial agents for dogs sold in vet pharmacies have a similar composition with antibiotics for humans and differ only in lower dosage.
The action of drugs is bacteriostatic, stopping the growth of bacteria, and bactericidal, killing bacteria.
Each group of antibacterial agent is narrowly targeted, designed to destroy only certain types of bacteria and is ineffective for other living organisms.
The main groups of drugs used in veterinary medicine:
- penicillins (ampicillin, amoxicillin, flemoxin solyutab, amoxiclav, etc.),
- cephalosporins of I, II, III and IV generations (cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefpirome, etc.),
- macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin, macropen and others),
- carbapenems (doripenem, meropenem, imipenem, etc.),
- tetracyclines (tetracycline, boardsycline, terramycin, etc.),
- aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin, etc.),
- fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, etc.),
- fungicides (levorin, nystatin, etc.),
- levomycetin.
Antibacterial drugs for dogs must prescribe treating veterinarian
Side effects and contraindications
Acceptance of antibacterial agents by dogs is better tolerated than by humans.
Contraindications for admission are:
- pregnancy pets,
- feeding puppies
- individual intolerance to the drug,
- kidney and liver failure
- diseases of the hematopoietic system,
- age up to 6 months
Side effects from the use of antibacterial agents may manifest as:
- dysfunction of the digestive system (vomiting, diarrhea, constipation),
- allergies
- local skin reactions to injections.
When prescribing medications for dogs, all side effects, contraindications and severity of the condition, risks and possible consequences are taken into account. In case of acute need, the veterinarian may prescribe an antibacterial drug to the dog, even with serious contraindications.
Uncontrolled intake of antibiotics can cause serious complications in the pet.
Rules of application
Basic rules for the use of antibacterial agents:
- Only a veterinarian should prescribe medications to a dog. Medications are prescribed on the basis of a specific diagnosis, laboratory tests and the condition of the dog. The dosage of the drug is calculated based on the age of the pet and its body weight. Only an experienced specialist can choose the right medicine and dosage. Independently write antibiotics and use them uncontrollably on a dog is unacceptable! With the frequent use of antibiotics, resistance of bacteria to drugs arises (the drugs become ineffective), and as a result, the chances for the dog to heal every time such treatment decreases.
- You must comply with the exact dosage of the antibiotic. If the dose is insufficient, the medicine will be ineffective, the bacteria will adapt to the drug and its subsequent use will be unproductive. When the dosage is too high, side effects of the drug may occur, leading to a deterioration of the dog's state.
- When taking should consider compatibility with other drugs and food intake, strictly follow the instructions of the drug.
- It is necessary to take antibiotics exactly on schedule, with a certain time interval. For example, when used twice daily, the medicine should be given to the dog with a clear interval, every 12 hours. This measure is necessary to maintain a certain concentration of an antibacterial substance in the dog's body.
- Earlier than the prescribed period, the drug can not be canceled, even if the condition of the animal has improved markedly. For each disease, a specific course of treatment is established, and for a medication, the time of administration. With early termination of therapy, the infection continues to develop in the body. If there is no timely complete cure of the dog, a large number of complications are possible.
- While taking the drug, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the dog: observe the possible manifestations of adverse reactions. If you have any, you should consult a veterinarian for advice. Probably, in this case, you will need to change the drug, or to expand therapy with additional drugs. Watch the improvement in well-being. If after three days from the beginning of the reception, the dog does not get better, you need to contact your veterinarian. Perhaps an incorrect group of antibiotics was selected or an inappropriate dosage was prescribed.
In the article I talked about antibiotics for dogs. Explained in what cases are used, which have side effects and contraindications. Led the rules of application, advantages and disadvantages, types of antibacterial agents.
According to the current component:
- macrolides
- penicillins,
- carbapenems,
- chloramphenicol,
- cephalosporins,
- polymyxin,
- lincosamides,
- aminoglycosides,
- glycopeptides,
- tetracyclines,
- fluoroquinolones,
- sulfonamides,
- nitrofurans.
By "naturalness":
- true (or natural) - substances produced by some bacteria to destroy others,
- synthetic - antimicrobial agents, natural analogues, created in laboratories.
It should be noted that the strength of action of antibiotics for dogs does not depend on the form of their release. The essence is only in the convenience of taking the medicine - it is convenient for someone to prick the dog for 5 days, for someone it is better to give pills for 2 weeks. However, there are medications that are injected strictly injected or only inside - be sure to read the instructions before use.
When antibiotics are prescribed
It should be immediately noted that antimicrobials do not act on viral cells at all. The direct indication for taking them is purely bacterial infections and some fungal diseases.
When to give a dog an antibiotic:
- colds with the risk of bacterial complications of the upper or lower respiratory tract (rhinitis / sinusitis, bronchitis, sore throat, pneumonia),
- with purulent deep wounds, abscesses,
- bacterial infections of the genitourinary system (cystitis, urethritis, metritis) and inflammation in the kidneys (pyelonephritis, pyelitis),
- intestinal and gastric infections (Helicobacter eradication),
- staphylococcal and streptococcal infections,
- purulent otitis or conjunctivitis,
- leptospirosis, pseudomonosis, borreliosis,
- oncology (preventing the development of secondary infection and infection of affected tissues),
- mastitis
- purulent inflammation of the skin,
- administration of antibiotics after surgery,
- fever, jumps in body temperature (treatment of primary or prevention and elimination of secondary infections in viral diseases).
Antibiotic therapy: the pros and cons
- ease of administration, low dosage with a high therapeutic effect, a significant reduction in the duration of the disease. There are drugs used in short courses or even a single injection due to its prolonged action,
- noticeably faster pet recovery,
- availability of broad-spectrum drugs (this property is useful when treatment decisions need to be taken immediately, and there is no time to determine sensitivity to this or that narrowly specific antibiotic),
- suppression of the development of secondary infections, which significantly reduces the risks of complications from paralysis,
- tangible therapeutic effect, even with very high concentrations of bacteria in the body.
Disadvantages and side effects:
- with the wrong selection and misuse of antibiotics, the body’s fight against infections is significantly weakened,
- side effects with incorrect dosage calculations (bad and when the dose is exceeded, and when there is a shortage),
- long courses of antimicrobial therapy reduce its action against the background of addiction of microorganisms to the drug,
- in rare cases, intestinal microflora.
With the proper selection of an antibacterial drug and an accurate dose calculation all side effects are minimized, and the disadvantages are compensated by a positive therapeutic effect!
What can antibiotics provoke
Antibacterial drugs do not always give side effects, but only in the following cases:
- overdose
- incorrect selection of the drug for this particular disease,
- individual response to the antibiotic.
Especially these conditions relate to pregnant bitches - side effects not only can manifest themselves in future puppies, but also interrupt the course of pregnancy.
What side symptoms can occur:
- diarrhea and / or vomiting,
- deterioration of wool,
- uncoordinated movements
- development of secondary infections that do not fall under the range of influence of the drug being taken,
- hearing impairment
- general depression, increased drowsiness, apathy, reduced sharpness of the reaction to the environment,
- convulsions
- toxic effects on internal organs: liver, bone marrow, brain, kidneys, etc.
- allergic reactions (itching, hives, edema, redness, difficulty breathing) up to anaphylaxis,
- indigestion with signs of deterioration in the digestibility of food in the intestine.
The classification of antibiotics and the choice of how to treat
Dog owners must remember - only veterinary experts select antibiotics and antibacterial drugs! Not all veterinary drugs have analogues among humans. A dog after antibiotics will only feel normal if all the rules for their selection and treatment algorithms are followed.
Do not refuse treatment if the veterinarian has no doubts about the diagnosis. An antibiotic for dogs of a wide range can also be assigned immediately (by a specialist!) - this applies to those cases when the animal feels very bad, and assistance should be provided as soon as possible.
Information in the article can be considered only as an acquaintance. It is strictly not recommended to use it for self-treatment of pets without consulting a veterinarian! What antibiotics are used by the dog for various diseases, only the vet decides!
Penicillins
good antibiotic dog with wounds, purulent inflammation of the skin, burns and various types of bacterial inflammations of dermal origin. In some cases, can be used in the pathologies of the urinary system.
Benzylpenicillin (potassium or sodium)
20-40 thousand units / kg intravenously or into the muscle every 4-8 hours. The course is determined by the doctor.
Ampicillin
common infections: every 6-8 hours, 10-20 mg / kg in any way - by injection or by mouth, for severe bacterial infections or for CNS damage, the dose can be increased to 40 mg / kg every 6 hours but only intravenously.
Amoxiclav
Inside twice a day at the rate of 12.5 mg / kg for 5-10 days. In chronic skin infections, the course may be extended at the discretion of the physician.
Amoxicillin
The usual dosage: 7 mg / kg intramuscularly 1 time per day or up to 15 mg / kg 1 time per 2 days for prolonged medications. Dosing: 10 mg / kg every 8-12 hours. The duration of the course is determined individually.
Cephalosporins
broad-spectrum antibiotics, divided into several generations by origin and characteristics of the action. Suitable for almost any infection, when there is no time to wait for the analysis of the sensitivity of bacteria or when necessary therapeutic measures should be applied as soon as possible. Infections of the gastrointestinal tract, urogenital system, respiration and sometimes vision can be treated. Sepsis therapy responds well.
Ceftriaxone
Every 12 hours, 20–25 mg / kg or 50 mg / kg daily. Intramuscularly or intravenously.
Cefazolin
In the vein or muscle at 20-35 mg / kg 2-3 times a day.
Cephalexin
At 10-25 mg / kg inside 2-3 times a day (including at night) or in the same dosage, but in the form of subcutaneous or intramuscular injections 1 time per day.
Ceftazidime
20–50 mg / kg every 8 or 12 hours into a vein with a jet or with a dropper.
cefotaxime
20–40 mg / kg intravenously, subcutaneously, or into the muscle every 8–12 hours.
Aminoglycosides
lower respiratory tract infection (pneumonia), copes well with colds, the initial stage of peritonitis. Can help with soft tissue infections. Quite toxic group, appointed in particularly difficult cases. Rarely prescribed inside, because practically not absorbed from the digestive tract. Not effective in the presence of pus.
Kanamycin
In the form of a 10% solution 2-3 times a day for 3-7 days at a dose of 0.5-1 ml / 10 kg body weight. Up to a year the dosage for dogs is higher than after a year. Subcutaneously or intramuscularly.
Amikacin
Strictly once a day, 15-30 mg / kg subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously.
Gentamicin
In the form of a 4% finished solution at the rate of 0.6 ml / 10 kg in a course of 3-7 days.
Streptomycin
10–20 mg / kg intramuscularly every 12 hours (an adult dose is considered to be at a lower level). The course is 4-7 days.
Neomycin
10–20 mg / kg orally three times a day for up to 1 week.
Fluoroquinolones
fully synthetic antimicrobial agents with a wide spectrum of action. They do not burden the kidneys, therefore they are most often used for urinary infections. Some of them can help with bacterial skin pathologies and severe pneumonia.
Ciprofloxacin
Up to 30 mg / kg intravenously or orally 1 time per day.
Enrofloxacin
At 2.5-5 mg / kg orally for 3-7 days, either injectable subcutaneously or into a vein.
Marbofloxacin
Strictly 2 mg / kg daily in the form of tablets / capsules or subcutaneous / intravenous injections.
Nitrofurans
copes well with skin infections, pressure sores and skin ulcers, corneal injuries, gastrointestinal tract pathologies, and mastitis. Along with fluoroquinolones, urinary system infections are well treated. Some members of the group are actively used in intestinal bacterial infections (salmonellosis, colibacteriosis, enteritis, enterocolitis, etc.).
Furazidin (furagin)
Inside in the form of tablets or capsules in ½-2 pcs. three times a day up to 7 days.
Nitrofurantoin
The daily dose is 5-10 mg / kg, divided into 2-4 doses per day. Give with feed at least 7 days.
Nifuroxazide
40 mg / 2.5 kg body weight orally, preferably in the form of suspensions, up to 3 days.
Chloramphenicol
possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action, can affect intracellular parasites. It penetrates the liver, kidneys, spleen and lungs. An excellent choice for intestinal infections, enteritis and poisoning. It is impossible to apply for a long time, the risks of provoking dysbacteriosis are high.
Levomitsetin (synth.)
Chloramphenicol (natural. Analogue)
Inside at the rate of 10-20 mg / kg 2-3 times a day. Duration 1-3 days, no longer recommended.
Linkosamides
any infections of the skin, abdominal cavity, genital organs, and respiratory tract pathology.
Lincomycin
At 22 mg / kg per muscle daily or 11 mg / kg in the same route of administration, but twice a day. You can enter intravenously (very slowly) at 11-22 mg / kg. Inside 15 mg / kg three times a day or 22 mg / kg twice a day.
Clindamycin
Inside 5.5 mg / kg every 12 hours or 11 mg / kg every day. In cases of severe infections, the dosage can be increased every 12 hours to 11 mg / kg. For the treatment of toxoplasmosis, the dosage is 25 mg / kg / day by mouth in divided doses.
Tetracyclines
catarrhal and purulent conjunctivitis (especially chlamydia), endometritis, the initial stages of development of peritonitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, sometimes with infections of the urinary system, atrophic rhinitis. Work well in combination with penicillins. Often used to prevent secondary infections with borreliosis.
Doxycycline
Inside with food 1 time per day at 10 mg / kg or 2 times per day at 5 mg / kg.
Tetracycline
10-12 mg / kg intramuscularly 2 times a day. Dilute better Novocain. Locally in the form of an eye ointment - strictly 1%, for wounds - 3%.
Oxytetracycline
10-12 mg / kg intramuscularly 2 times a day. Dilute better Novocain. Locally in the form of an eye ointment - strictly 1%, for wounds - 3%.
Macrolides
one of the relatively safe antibiotic groups.Most often used to suppress secondary infections of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract. Well eliminate the cough. They have no effect on Salmonella, fungi and viruses, and are most active against penicillin-resistant bacteria. In some cases, can be assigned to pregnant bitches, because do not represent a clear danger to the fruit.
Erythromycin
10–20 mg / kg - by mouth, intramuscularly or subcutaneously every 8 or 12 hours. High doses of 40–50 mg / kg cause an increase in intestinal motility and stomach, and up to 80 mg / kg - toxic vomiting.
Azithromycin
3-5 days to keep the dosage in the range of 5-10 mg / kg in the form of tablets 1 time per 24 hours. After 5 days the dosage remains the same, and the interval between doses can be increased to 2 days.
Tylosin
Intramuscularly at 2–10 mg / kg daily or 7–11 mg / kg every 3–4 times a day at the same time. To dogs at the discretion of the doctor, the dosage may be increased.
Sulfanilamides
bacteriostats that are well suited for infections of the respiratory tract, urinary system, gastrointestinal tract, enteritis and some viral infections as suppressors of secondary infections. If necessary, they are prescribed in combination with bactericidal antibiotics for pyometra (purulent inflammation of the genital organs). Not effective in the presence of purulent inflammation.
When and how to use antibiotics
First of all, dog owners need to understand that it is very dangerous to use antibiotics without the recommendation of a veterinarian, because you need to know what caused the infection and choose a drug from the appropriate group. Properly calculated dosing and duration of treatment are equally important for the recovery of a pet.
What should the owner, who does not have medical education, know about antibiotics for dogs? Only general information about such tools and their application. It is necessary to consider all the subtleties of using drugs for this purpose:
- If the animal has a disease of viral origin, then antibiotics are used only in case of complications or their threat.
- The dosage is calculated on the basis of the weight of the pet, and in no case can you change it on your own, otherwise you can harm health. Incorrect dosage can lead to pet intoxication, or the tool may not work against the infection.
- Even if the dog has become much better, it is not recommended to stop the course of antibiotics. How many days is prescribed to drink the medicine, and so much to take.
- When self-selection means can make a mistake, because there are many antibiotics that act on various infectious agents. Incorrectly chosen drug will not help your pet and will take precious time, which can lead to significant complications.
- Overdose of the drug, in most cases, manifests itself in the form of vomiting and diarrhea, but sometimes more serious side effects are possible, for example, a pet may become deaf.
In the modern world, they stopped paying attention to the fact that antibiotics should be prescribed only in extreme cases. Many owners at the slightest manifestations of the disease, not having special reason, use them. This is facilitated by the fact that to buy antibiotics, both for people and for animals, everyone can.
Such an attitude to drugs leads to the resistance of pathogens against antibacterial agents. This phenomenon occurs if you reduce the dose of the drug or stop taking the medicine before the end of the course. That is why you need to strictly adhere to the recommendations of the attending physician, as regards not only animals, but also people.
What antibiotics are used to treat dogs?
Very often, owners are interested in whether it is possible to give dogs antibiotics intended for humans. But in fact, special dog antibiotics do not exist. What is sold in vetaptekakh, is the same means, but having a lower dosage.
The following groups of antibiotic drugs can be used in dog therapy:
- Antibiotics related to the penicillin series, including those of semi-synthetic origin - Ampicillin, Flemoxin Soluteb, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav and others.
- Cephalosporins - there are four generations of drugs and, the more modern the generation, the more effective the drug is against gram-negative flora. Especially resistant to antibiotics are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli.
- Macrolides - Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Macropene, Azithromycin, Spiramycin, etc. In most cases, they are used for respiratory diseases and pneumonia.
- Carbapenems - Meropenem, Meronem, Doripenem, Imipinem, etc. They are highly effective against staphylococci.
- Tetracyclines - natural: Tetracycline, Terramycin, Biomitsin, and semi-synthetic: Metatsiklin, Doxycycline, Klinomycin. Used for tick-borne borreliosis and cystitis in dogs.
- Aminoglycosides - Tobramycin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Amikacin. They are effective against gram-negative pathogens, are highly toxic, and therefore are used solely by indications.
- Chloramphenicol - used for intestinal disorders.
- Fluoroquinolones - Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloks, Levofloxacin. Used to treat cystitis, gastrointestinal infections, severe forms of pneumonia.
- Antibiotics of fungicidal action - Nystatin, Levorin, Amphotherecine B, are used only against the elimination of pathogenic fungi.
Among antibiotics, there is another group of drugs - anti-TB drugs (Streptomycin, Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ftivazid). This group is designed to treat people, but is extremely dangerous for animals. After taking them, the dog may not survive.
Antibiotics used for pets have different effects on infectious agents - bacteriostatic, in which they slow down and stop the growth of bacteria, or bactericidal, killing them.
In severe infectious diseases, especially those caused by gram-negative pathogens, it is recommended to begin antibiotic therapy with drugs that have a bacteriostatic effect. This will help avoid infectious toxic shock, which is caused by a large flow of toxic substances into the blood, secreted by dead bacteria.
Infectious agents quickly develop resistance to this kind of drugs, so they should not be abused.
If it is not possible to immediately identify the cause of the infection, then antibiotic drugs are prescribed, which have a fairly wide range of applications, as they are effective against various pathogenic microorganisms.
There are also general antibiotics, they can penetrate into the tissues of various organs and systems, or agents that act only in the intestines.
When are some antibiotics used?
There are many dog diseases that require the use of antibiotics and it is worthwhile to consider in more detail when and what is used to cure pets.
Most often, semi-synthetic penicillin-type antibiotics and cephalosporins are prescribed. Means of other groups are used in therapy much less frequently, usually with the first low effectiveness.
- For purulent wounds or skin diseases, ointments with antibacterial action are prescribed. If we are talking about a puppy or large lesions, then antibiotics are added to the treatment by injection. Since in this case practically any microorganisms can enter the body, they use a broad spectrum of action (Ceftriaxone, Cefotoxime), which have an effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative flora.
- In complicated pneumonia, a course of penicillins is often prescribed - Amoxicillin, Cefazolin, or fluoroquinolones - Ofloxacin, Tsiprovet.
- For the fight against otitis, drops are prescribed, with the antibiotic included in the composition, intended for the treatment of domestic animals - Otibiovin, Otovedin, Surolan. If the disease is severe, additional special antibiotics are used in pills or injections, for example, the drug Sinuloks or Noroklav, which include amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. You can replace them with such means as Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav.
- Cystitis in pets is quite difficult and requires the use of antibiotics. In this case, a drug with urological action from the group of cephalosporins of the fourth generation - Cabactan has proved itself well. In this disease, fluoroquinolone antibiotics can be used, but they will only have a bacteriostatic effect.
- Fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation are prescribed for mastitis or postpartum endometritis in females and inflammatory processes in the para-anal glands. In this case it is more effective to inject the drug.
- Often dogs suffer from eye diseases - purulent conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis. From these ailments, special drops for an antibiotic containing Tsiprovet, Cifran, Cifrolon dogs help well.
- One of the common scary dog ailments is distemper, and it is useless to treat with antibiotics, as it is of viral origin.
If the pills are assigned to the pet, they are given whole or in crushed form. It is not recommended to mix them with food, so the effectiveness of the drug is reduced.
What antibiotic, and in what case to accept, only the vet can decide. Self-prescription and treatment with pet antibiotics is fraught with dire consequences, even death.
First aid
It may seem that the list of necessary medicines offered for a veterinary first-aid kit is too extensive. But, nevertheless, a competent dog breeder must quickly and skillfully provide the animal with first aid if necessary, and therefore the supply of medicines is important.
First aid skills are not considered difficult. For example, in case of injury, it is important to stop the blood, treat the cut with hydrogen peroxide, as well as brilliant green. If the bleeding is pulsating in nature, it is necessary to tighten the place above the wound with a rubber band. If a wound is found in the side area, the owner must make a dense sterile dressing and take the animal to the clinic.
Also in the veterinary kit should include the following drugs:
- Ointment "Savior" when corroding paws in the winter time.
- Potassium permanganate in case of poisoning.
- Electronic thermometer for temperature measurement.
- A set of disposable syringes.
- Devices for douching.
- Scissors.
- Claw tweezers.
- Dressing materials of a different spectrum: plasters, bandages, napkins.
- Vata.
When are antibiotics needed for dogs?
Can dogs be given antibiotics or not? The answer is in the affirmative, but it is only necessary to inject such heavy drugs after visiting a specialist and conducting a large-scale diagnostic study.
Untreated medical care and incorrect diagnosis can lead to a sharp deterioration in the health of the dog.
The medical process will be established by the veterinarian, based on the criticality of the animal's condition. What antibiotics can be available for dogs can be prompted by an antibiogram, which allows you to select the necessary medicines for each individual case of infection.
What are the dangers of antibiotics?
The treatment process, including antibiotics for dogs, should not last more than 10 days. This is due to the fact that a longer period of therapy may adversely affect the animal's body.
The use of serious drugs should occur in strict accordance with the instructions and the correct dose calculation.
Giving a dog drugs prescribed by a doctor for a person is strictly forbidden, as drugs for animals have special ingredients, and the owner's tablets can be poisonous for a pet.
Consequences of misuse and medication
Antibiotics for dogs, taken without a clear basis, can lead to the development of bacterial stability, in fact, the lack of a therapeutic response, the destruction of intestinal microflora, the emergence of toxins in vital organs: liver, kidney and others.
To eliminate the difficulties with intestinal microflora it is imperative to undergo a course of treatment with probiotics. They contain beneficial bacteria that can restore the balance of intestinal flora.
The pharmaceutical market can offer a variety of forms of drugs for animals.
Not always the dog after antibiotics can immediately come to its usual form, so if there is a chance not to resort to their use, it is worth using it. It is recommended to visit the veterinarian and get advice on the use of natural medicines that can strengthen the immune system and actively fight the growing infection.
Diseases requiring antibiotic intervention
What antibiotics to give the dog in a given situation, the doctor decides. They will find their use in the following situations:
- In infectious diseases, for example, with leptospirosis. There is no alternative to treatment, only antibiotics can kill leptospira bacteria.
- With complications from diseases of a different spectrum. In this case, the drugs can be applied with other drugs in the fight against the original disease.
- With oncological diseases, since the damaged tissue creates favorable conditions for the existence of microbes and bacteria.
- During surgery, when receiving injuries and various damage to the skin of the skin.
Types of antibiotics
There is an opinion that antibiotics can be divided into weak and strong. This is not exactly the right position. The division into broad-spectrum or narrow drugs will be true. This fact is connected with the fact that the types of bacteria to which the effect of the drug is oriented differ. Broad-spectrum drugs are able to fight many types of microorganisms. The effect of drugs in a narrow spectrum, respectively, is directed to bacteria of the same species.
The main purpose of bacteria, like any other living thing, is survival and reproduction, so the development of resistance to any drugs will be a natural process.
When choosing a pet antibiotic, a veterinarian should be guided by several rules and nuances:
- The ability to penetrate into the desired tissue and cells.
- Exposure to bacteria.
- The occurrence of possible side effects.
The doctor may decide on the appointment of several types of antibiotics for those situations where the disease is caused by more than one type of germs. A breeder must not change the doctor’s prescriptions so as not to harm the dog.
Antibiotics manufacturers produce in different forms - in the form of tablets, drops or solutions for injection. Injections can be either subcutaneous or intramuscular. At the consultation, the veterinarian should tell the dog breeder where the medicine should be injected.
If the pet owner has not received help in this matter from a specialist, then it is worthwhile to carefully study the attached instructions in order to find the necessary information about the method and method of drug administration.
The antibiotics used for dogs are Gentamicin, Amoxicillin, Cefalexin, Trimethoprim, Clindamycin. They are used to treat a wide range of infections: respiratory, skin, gastrointestinal, urinary. For four-legged pets, you can apply "Furadonin", "Levomycetin", "Doxycycline", "Penicillin".
